32 research outputs found
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Computational Models of Classical Conditioning guest editors’ introduction
In the present special issue, the performance of current computational models of classical conditioning was evaluated under three requirements: (1) Models were to be tested against a list of previously agreed-upon phenomena; (2) the parameters were fixed across simulations; and (3) the simulations used to test the models had to be made available. These requirements resulted in three major products: (a) a list of fundamental classical-conditioning results for which there is a consensus about their reliability; (b) the necessary information to evaluate each of the models on the basis of its ordinal successes in accounting for the experimental data; and (c) a repository of computational models ready to generate simulations. We believe that the contents of this issue represent the 2012 state of the art in computational modeling of classical conditioning and provide a way to find promising avenues for future model development
Syndromic Autism: progressing beyond current levels of description
Genetic syndrome groups at high risk of autism comorbidity, like Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome, have been presented as useful models for understanding risk and protective factors involved in the emergence of autistic traits. Yet despite reaching clinical thresholds, these ‘syndromic’ forms of autism appear to differ in significant ways from the idiopathic or ‘non-syndromic’ autism profile. We explore alternative mechanistic explanations for these differences and propose a developmental interpretation of syndromic autism that takes into account the character of the genetic disorder. This interpretation anticipates syndrome-specific autism phenotypes, since the neurocognitive and behavioural expression of the autism is coloured by syndromically defined atypicalities. To uncover the true nature of comorbidities and of autism per se, we argue that it is key to extend definitions of autism to include the perceptual and neurocognitive characteristics of the disorder and then apply this multilevel conceptualization to the study of syndromic autism profiles
Endothelial inflammatory transcriptional responses to an altered plasma exposome following inhalation of diesel emissions
Air pollution, especially emissions derived from traffic sources, is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, it remains unclear how inhaled factors drive extrapulmonary pathology