8,598 research outputs found
Signal stripping based sensing parameter estimation in perceptive mobile networks
© 2017 IEEE. We propose signal stripping based approaches for estimating detailed channel composition parameters for sensing in the recently proposed perceptive mobile networks where simultaneous communication and radar sensing is performed. Via reconstructing a (differentiated) channel matrix, we obtain a signal model which can be solved by conventional compressive sensing (CS) techniques. Parameter estimation methods based on a 1-D CS algorithm are proposed and their effectiveness is validated by provided simulation results
Involvement of autophagy in the effect of exercise on left ventricular hypertrophy induced by high fat diet in rats
Chaired Posters PresentationObjectives: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) associated with obesity
increases the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease, which could
be attenuated by exercise in overweight and hypertensive patients. The
lysosomal degradation pathway − autophagy is reportedly mediated the
beneficial effect of exercise on glucose and lipid homeostasis. The present
study aimed to investigate the involvement of autophagy in the effect of
exercise on LVH induced by high fat diet in rats.
Methods: Female adult SD rats were divided into 4 groups namely: (i) high
fat diet (HFD), (ii) HFD+exercise, (iii) exercise, (iv) control. Rats in the
HFD groups were orally fed with high-fat chow (30% fat) daily for 12 weeks,
and rats in the exercise groups had exercise with a motorized wheel in the
last 4 weeks. Noninvasive measures of systolic pressure and fat composition
were assessed, respectively by tail cuff and MRI. The expression of markers
for cardiac hypertrophy and the protein expression in autophagic pathway
were determined by quantitative real time-PCR and western blot, respectively.
Statistical significance was at p<0.05 with ANOVA analysis followed by
post-hoc tests.
Results: Rats fed with HFD had LVH (increased heart weight and LV/
RV+septum ratio) with higher levels of body weight, arterial pressures and
fat composition than that of the control rat. In addition, the QTc interval and
the diameter and disarray of ventricular myocytes were significantly
increased in the HFD group, supported by elevated levels of the expression
of hypertrophic markers (ANP, BNP, β-MHC). These parameters were
attenuated by exercise in the HFD-fed rats. Moreover, we found elevated
levels of LC3II in the HFD heart, which were also attenuated by exercise,
suggesting an involvement of autophagy in the beneficial effect of exercise.
Furthermore, the expression level of AMPKα was also increased in the
exercise groups.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that exercise lowers the body weight and
attenuates the HFD-induced LVH in rats, which probably involves autophagy.
Future studies will focus on the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis.published_or_final_versio
Oxidative stress induced by intermittent hypoxia exacerbates lipid accumulation and inflammation in a cell model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Oral PresentationBackground/Aims: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is high
in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NASH is a
progressive hallmark of the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Chronic intermittent
hypoxia is associated with recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation and
reoxygenation in OSA patients, leading to excessive production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS). The causal link between OSA and NAFLD is not
known and the mechanistic effect of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on the
pathogenesis of NAFLD remains elusive. Here we tested the hypothesis that
IH-induced oxidative stress aggravates lipid accumulation and inflammation
induced by sodium palmitate in HepG2 cells.
Materials and Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with sodium palmitate
or vehicle under normoxia (Nx) or IH condition for 72 hours in the present
or absence of a ROS scavenger MnTBAP. Cell viability was detected by
MTT assay and intracellular lipid deposit was examined by oil red staining.
Lipid peroxidation was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay and
levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by CM-H2DCFDA
staining. The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α,
IL-6), fatty acid uptake-associated genes (caveolin-1 and FATP5), fatty acid
synthesis genes (SREBP1 and ACC1) and fatty acid β-oxidation gene ACOX
were determined by real-time PCR.
Results: Results showed that sodium palmitate increased lipid deposit in the
cells and it also decreased cell viability. The effect of sodium palmitate was
more prominent in the group co-treated with hypoxia. Levels of MDA and
ROS and the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and caveolin-1, but not
FATP5, were significantly increased in the palmitate- or hypoxia-treated
group and were remarkably elevated in the co-treated group. These effects
were abolished by MnTBAP treatment. In addition, levels of the expression
of ACOX, SREBP1 and ACC1 were significantly lowered in the cells treated
with palmitate or hypoxia and the expressions were much less in the cotreated
group. Treatment of MnTBAP prevented the decreased expression of
ACOX but had no effect on the SREBP1 and ACC1 expression.
Conclusion: IH-induced oxidative stress exacerbates lipid accumulation and
inflammation induced by sodium palmitate in HepG2 cells, probably mediated
by an increase in lipid uptake and a decrease in the fatty acid β-oxidation.published_or_final_versio
Framework for a Perceptive Mobile Network using Joint Communication and Radar Sensing
In this paper, we develop a framework for a novel perceptive mobile/cellular
network that integrates radar sensing function into the mobile communication
network. We propose a unified system platform that enables downlink and uplink
sensing, sharing the same transmitted signals with communications. We aim to
tackle the fundamental sensing parameter estimation problem in perceptive
mobile networks, by addressing two key challenges associated with sophisticated
mobile signals and rich multipath in mobile networks. To extract sensing
parameters from orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and
spatial division multiple access (SDMA) communication signals, we propose two
approaches to formulate it to problems that can be solved by compressive
sensing techniques. Most sensing algorithms have limits on the number of
multipath signals for their inputs. To reduce the multipath signals, as well as
removing unwanted clutter signals, we propose a background subtraction method
based on simple recursive computation, and provide a closed-form expression for
performance characterization. The effectiveness of these methods is validated
in simulations.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, Journal pape
Updating DL-Lite ontologies through first-order queries
In this paper we study instance-level update in DL-LiteA, the description logic underlying the OWL 2 QL standard. In particular we focus on formula-based approaches to ABox insertion and deletion. We show that DL-LiteA, which is well-known for enjoying first-order rewritability of query answering, enjoys a first-order rewritability property also for updates. That is, every update can be reformulated into a set of insertion and deletion instructions computable through a nonrecursive datalog program. Such a program is readily translatable into a first-order query over the ABox considered as a database, and hence into SQL. By exploiting this result, we implement an update component for DLLiteA-based systems and perform some experiments showing that the approach works in practice.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Joint Communication and Radar Sensing in 5G Mobile Network by Compressive Sensing
© 2019 IEEE. There is growing interest in integrating communication and radar sensing into one system. However, very limited results are reported on how to realize sensing using complicated mobile signals when joint communication and radar sensing (JCAS) is applied to mobile networks. This paper studies radar sensing using one-dimension (1D) to 3D compressive sensing (CS) techniques, referring to signals compatible with latest fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) standard. We demonstrate that radio sensing using both downlink and uplink 5G signals can be realized with reasonable performance using these CS techniques, and highlight the respective advantages and disadvantages of these techniques.
Utilization and spending trends for antiretroviral medications in the U.S. Medicaid program from 1991 to 2005
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality rates have decreased in the U.S. since 1996. Accompanying the longer life spans of those diagnosed with the disease, however, is a tremendous rise in expenditures on medication. The objective of this study is to describe the trends in utilization of, spending on, and market shares of antiretroviral medications in the U.S. Medicaid Program. Antiretroviral drugs include nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and fusion inhibitors (FIs).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Utilization and payment data from 1991 to 2005 are provided by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Descriptive summary analyses were used to assess quarterly prescription numbers and amounts of payment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The total number of prescriptions for antiretrovirals increased from 168,914 in 1991 to 2.0 million in 1998, and 3.0 million in 2005, a 16.7-fold increase over 15 years. The number of prescriptions for NRTIs reached 1.6 million in 2005. Prescriptions for PIs increased from 114 in 1995 to 932,176 in 2005, while the number of prescriptions for NNRTIs increased from 1,339 in 1996 to 401,272 in 2005. The total payment for antiretroviral drugs in the U.S. Medicaid Program increased from US 1.6 billion in 2005, a 49.8-fold increase. In 2005, NRTIs as a class had the highest payment market share. These drugs alone accounted for US1040) and Combivir<sup>® </sup>(750), Lexiva<sup>® </sup>(420), Viramune<sup>® </sup>(1914).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The tremendous growth in antiretroviral spending is due primarily to rising utilization, secondarily to the entry of newer, more expensive antiretrovirals, and, finally, in part to rising per-prescription cost of existing medications.</p
Garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a rat model through inhibition of apoptosis and enhancing autophagy
published_or_final_versio
The iron-chelating drug M30 down-regulates carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in vitro
Topic: 2 Acute Liver FailureThis journal suppl. entitled: APASL Liver Week 2013BACKGROUND/AIMS: The novel multifunctional brain permeable ironchelator M30 possesses neuroprotective activities against several insults applicable to various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of M30 on CCl4 induced acute liver damage is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the multifunctional drug M30 could ameliorate CCl4 induced hepatic injury in human HepG2 cell line. METHODS: HepG2 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with ...postprin
On Feedback Vertex Set: New Measure and New Structures
We present a new parameterized algorithm for the {feedback vertex set}
problem ({\sc fvs}) on undirected graphs. We approach the problem by
considering a variation of it, the {disjoint feedback vertex set} problem ({\sc
disjoint-fvs}), which finds a feedback vertex set of size that has no
overlap with a given feedback vertex set of the graph . We develop an
improved kernelization algorithm for {\sc disjoint-fvs} and show that {\sc
disjoint-fvs} can be solved in polynomial time when all vertices in have degrees upper bounded by three. We then propose a new
branch-and-search process on {\sc disjoint-fvs}, and introduce a new
branch-and-search measure. The process effectively reduces a given graph to a
graph on which {\sc disjoint-fvs} becomes polynomial-time solvable, and the new
measure more accurately evaluates the efficiency of the process. These
algorithmic and combinatorial studies enable us to develop an
-time parameterized algorithm for the general {\sc fvs} problem,
improving all previous algorithms for the problem.Comment: Final version, to appear in Algorithmic
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