QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF RED WINES ANTHOCYAN

The most important quality parameters of colored wines are analyzed in the paper, with special reference to qualitative and quantitative anthocyanins content. Anthocyanins possess a diverse biological activity such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardio protective, anti-atherogenic, as well as activity in reducing diabetic risk and prevention of cognitive functional disorders. Basis of analyzes is related to typified varietal (monocomponent) and "Cuvée" (mixed) wines made in Greece - on Mount Athos - at the Hilandar monastery and in Serbia, in comparison with wines of similar composition from other viticultural world areas.Wines of Hilandar are distinguished with high anthocyanins content, both in mixed combination and monocomponent wines-from 101.4 mg/L for the Savino Polje wine of 2010, to 781.3 mg/L for the Cabernet Fran varietal wine from 2016. The most important anthocyanins in wines of Hilandar are malvidins. Younger wines contain from 151.9 mg/L to 671.0 mg/L malvidin ingredients. In addition to malvidins, these wines also contain a significant amounts of peonidine and vitizine A. Concerning a content of sugar and total acidity in must, superior clones of Merlo variety are -181, 345, 346, in which sugar content in must varying in range from 23.8-31.6%, while total acids content varying in range from 6.1-9.2 g/L in some vintages. Cabernet Fran clones 210 and 214 are complemented by yield and grape quality (a sugar content in must is ranges from 22,8-27,4%, total acidity 5,8-8,7 g/L). For Cabernet Sauvignon clones 15, 169 and 337 sugar content ranged from 23.6-28.2%, and total acidity was 5.5-7.8 g/l.Such sugar to acid ratio in listed varieties resulted with alcohol content of 13.5-15.5 vol.% and with a number of varietal characteristics complemented with minerality, specific fragrances and other indicators of superior wines

Gentianella germanica displays radioprotective properties on human lymphocytes

The most important chemicals present in plants which are of considerable pharmacological significance are the polyphenols and caffeine. Among poliphenols the flavanols as water soluble substances are the most suitable for in vitro investigations of their effects on human lymphocytes. Since antioxidative nutritienst, particularly polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids recently have been focused as anticancerogens, and antimutagents the purpose of this study was to assess the cytogenetic effects in vitro of a plant extracts of Gentianella germanica, Sanguisorba minor, Cotinus cogyggria, Cornus mass, Crategus monogyna and Anthyllis vulneraria. Peripheral blood used in experiment was obtained from healthy, nonsmoking young male donors. Aliquot of heparinized whole blood were irradiated using 60 Coχ ray source, dose 2Gy. Micronuclei formation was quantified in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes employing Cytochalasin-block micronucleus test (CBMN) using concentrations of plant extracts from 2-20µl/ml. All lymphocyte cultures were set up in duplicate. After 72 hours of incubation, parallel cultures were separated on Lymphoprep (Nycomed), collected by centrifugation, washed in physiological saline, and were prepared for measurement of myeloperoxidase activity. Sanguisorba minor, Cotinus cogyggria, Cornus mass, display radioprotective properties: reduce the level of radiation-induced micronuclei in a concentration-dependent manner. The best radioprotective potential was obtained using water solublile extracts of Gentianella germanica: the yield of radiation-induced micronuclei was reduced for 58% at concentrations ranged from 5-10µl/ml. The same concentration range decrease myeleoperoxidase activity. Treatment of irradiated cells with higher concentrations of Gentianella germanica (up to 20µl/ml) leads to increase of the incidence of micronuclei reaching control (untreated) level. Inverse relationship between incidence of micronuclei and myeloperoxidase activity was observed.3rd European-American School in Forensic Genetic and Mayo Clinic Course in Advanced Molecular and Cellular Medicin

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of physocaulis nodosus (L.) W.D.J.Koch

Aerial parts of Physocaulis nodosus (L.) W.D.J.Koch. (Apiaceae) collected on Hajla mountain possessed an essential oil in 0.62% yield (expressed in g per 100 g of dried plant material). The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Among 21 compounds 16 were identified, representing 93.0% of total oil composition. Dominant compounds were sabinene (36.4%), limonene (27.7%) and β-pinene (9.8%). The oil possessed a limited antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis

How radioprotectors protect us

Prikazani su rezultati ispitivanja radioprotektivnih svojstava lincure (vrste Gentianella austriaca i Gentiana dinarica). Ispitivani su različiti ekstrakti ovih biljaka na modelu humanih limfocita koji su ozračeni in vitro, izvorom γ- zračenja (60Co), dozom 2 Gy. Analizirana je učestalost mikronukleusa, stepen lipidne peroksidacije i apoptoza. Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali da je najznačajnija biološki aktivna komponenta lincure belidifolin koji deluje kao dezmutagen umanjujući stepen genomskih ozleda za 41%. Aktivne komponente lincure su izvanredni prirodni radiprotektori.The purpose of this study was to assess the radioprotective properties of Gentialella medicinal plant. Micronuclei formation, ability of leucocytes undergoing apoptosis and concentration of malondialdehid were quantified in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes irradiated with γ rays (60Co), dose of 2 Gy. Obtained results have shown that the most important biologically active compounds is demetilbelidifolin acting as desmutagen reducing the level of radiation-induced micronuclei for 41 %. Biologically active compounds of Gentianella species are good natural radioprotectors.XXIII Simpozijum Društva za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore, Donji Milanovac, 26-28. septembar 2005

Ethnobotanical study on traditional uses of wild medicinal plants in Prokletije Mountains (Montenegro)

Aim of the study: The main objectives were to collect information on the use of wild growing medicinal plants by local people living in high mountain region of Montenegro and conduct local botanical and ecological surveys. Active ingredients of plant species officinal in European Pharmacopoeia 6.0 (Ph. Eur. 6.0) were studied and we assessed possibilities for commercial exploitation for local economic development. Materials and methods: The 75 people that were interviewed (40-82 years old) identified 94 species for treatment of various human ailments. For each named species, the following elements are provided: botanical name, family, part(s) used, medicinal use and perceived property, listing in published pharmacopoeias, the relative abundance of each species and locality where the plant was collected. Chemical analyses were done according to prescriptions of Ph. Eur. 6.0 in order to estimate potential commercial use of native plants. Results and conclusion: The most common in traditional usage were Rosaceae (11 species) making 11.7%, Asteraceae (10 species) 10.6% and Lamiaceae (7 species) 7.4%. From 94 species reported, 35 (37.2%) are officinal in Ph. Eur. 6.0 and 12 in national pharmacopoeias (12.8%). Aerial parts were mostly used (43.6%). The most frequently reported medicinal uses were for treating gastrointestinal (57.4%) and respiratory diseases (41.5%). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved