Anthropic Influences on the Quality of Underground Waters for Human Consumption in Russas, Ceará, Northeastern Brazil

In regions with semi-arid characteristics, groundwater is a precious source of water supply, mainly from alluvium, due to the decent quality of its waters. However, the sandy texture favors vulnerability, and the infiltration and percolation of fluids increase the risk of contamination of the aquifer in the presence of polluting sources. The population’s knowledge about these problems is still ephemeral, which can lead to the consumption of contaminated water, putting health at risk. Thus, research was conducted in the municipality of Russas – Ceará, to study the quality of groundwater, the possible polluting sources in the urban area, and assess the possible risks to human health. First, technical visits for reconnaissance and survey of information were conducted, such as possible polluting sources and situations of existing wells. The selection of wells to collect water followed criteria of proximity to polluting sources, well conditions, and, mainly, those linked to the use of water for human consumption. The result showed that 43% of the samples are above the limits proved by Brazilian legislation for turbidity, total hardness, TDS, sodium, chloride, and nitrate, while the others are withinthe standard. Concerning chlorides and nitrates, the concentrations show there is possibly a relationship with anthropic contaminants(agricultural area; domestic effluents) for the aquifer recharge areas and condition common problems to human health. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to continue research in Medical Geology that will enable the monitoring and future management of water quality of groundwater for the population

BIOACUMULAÇÃO DE METAIS PESADOS EM PEIXES: IMPACTOS SOBRE A SAÚDE HUMANA E MEIO AMBIENTE

Safe ecosystems have a significant influence on the composition of sustainable aquaculture products, which serve as the foundation of every food web and are the responsibility of marine life, a critical requirement for sustained global quantitative and qualitative development. Currently, the distribution, speciation, environmental bioaccumulation, and toxicity assessment of heavy metals (HMs) in aquatic environments are constantly growing. Due to their high toxicity and non-biodegradability, PMs are harmful environmental pollutants that can be transferred and biomagnified through food chains that seriously threaten human health and have a negative influence on marine biota. With this, this bibliographic review aims to present the main recent research about the contamination of PMs in the aquatic ecosystem and its effects on the environment and human health, presenting the main environmental remediation strategies used for the benefit of the planet.Os ecossistemas seguros têm uma influência significativa na composição dos produtos da aquicultura sustentável, que servem de base a todas as cadeias alimentares e são da responsabilidade da vida marinha, um requisito crítico para o desenvolvimento quantitativo e qualitativo global sustentado. Atualmente, a distribuição, especiação, bioacumulação ambiental e avaliação da toxicidade de metais pesados (MHs) em ambientes aquáticos estão em constante crescimento. Devido à sua elevada toxicidade e não biodegradabilidade, as PM são poluentes ambientais nocivos que podem ser transferidos e bioamplificados através das cadeias alimentares que ameaçam seriamente a saúde humana e têm uma influência negativa na biota marinha. Com isso, esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo apresentar as principais pesquisas recentes sobre a contaminação de MPs no ecossistema aquático e seus efeitos no meio ambiente e na saúde humana, apresentando as principais estratégias de remediação ambiental utilizadas em benefício do planeta