Prinos i kvalitet grožđa stonih sorti različitog vremena sazrevanja

Grapevine growing of table varieties in Serbia is very interesting, specially in Grocka vineyard area. Agroecological conditions of this vineyard area obtained regular and high results and satisfactory grape quality of table varieties of different ripening periods. The paper study the agribiological and commercial characteristics of new table varieties (Demir kapija, Beogradska rana, Gročanka, Opuzenska rana, Radmilovački muskat, Banatski muskat, Smederevski muskat and Beogradska besemena), standard varieties (Muskat hamburg, Kardinal, Erli muskat, Afuz-ali) and Smederevka, variety with Multi­purpose characteristics. Investigation results show that the average grape yield, portion of table grape, which is intend to market, and grape quality, gives important differences between varieties. .Gajenje stonih sorti u Srbiji je veoma interesantno, a posebno u gročanskom vinogorju, jer ekološki uslovi ovog vinogorja omogućavaju redovnu i visoku rodnost i povoljan kvalitet grožđa stonih sorti različitih epoha sazrevanja. U radu su proučavane agrobiološke i privredno-tehnološke karakteristike novih stonih sorti (Demir kapija, Beogradska rana, Gročanka, Opuzenska rana, Radmilovački muskat, Banatski muskat, Smederevski muskat i Beogradska besemena), standardnih sorti (Muskat hamburg, Kardinal, Erli muskat, Afuz-ali), i Smederevke, sorte kombinovanih svojstava. Rezultati ispitivanja pokazuju da su u pogledu prosečnog prinosa, udela stonog grožđa namenjenog tržištu i elemenata kvaliteta grožđa, utvrđene značajne razlike, između sorti

Agrobiološke karakteristike novih stonih sorti veoma ranog perioda sazrevanja

Grapevine growing of table varieties in Serbia is very interesting, specially in Grocka vineyard area. Agro ecological conditions of this vineyard area obtained regular and high results and satisfactory grape quality of table varieties of very early ripening periods. The paper study the agribiological and commercial characteristics of new table varieties (Demir kapija Beogradska rana, Gročanka, Opuzenska rana), standard varieties (Kardinal Erli muskat). Investigation results show that the average grape yield portion of table grape, which is intend to market, and grape quality, gives important differences between varieties.Gajenje stonih sorti u Srbiji je veoma interesantno, posebno onih veoma ranog perioda sazrevanja. Ekološki uslovi gročanskog, kao i većine drugih vinogorja omogućavaju redovnu i visoku rodnost i dobar kvalitet grožđa stonih sorti ovog vremena sazrevanja. U radu su ispitivane agrobiološke karakteristike sledećih stonih sorti (demir kapija, beogradska rana gročanka, opuzenska rana, kardinal i erli muskat). Rezultati ispitivanja pokazuju da su u pogledu pokazatelja rodnosti, prosečnog prinosa, kvaliteta grožđa i udela stonog grožđa namenjenog tržištu, ispoljene značajne razlike između sorti

Prinos i kvalitet grožđa stonih sorti ranog perioda sazrevanja

Grapevine growing of table varieties is very interesting, specially in Grocka vineyard area. Agroecological conditions of this vineyard area obtained regular and high results and satisfactory grape quality of table varieties of early ripening periods. The paper study the agribiological and commercial characteristics of new table varieties (Erli muskat, Radmilovački muskat i Banatski muskat). Investigation results show that the average grape yield portion of table grape, which is intend to market, and grape quality, gives important differences between varieties.Ekološki uslovi većine vinogorja u Srbiji omogućavaju redovnu i visoku rodnost, kao i dobar kvalitet grožđa stonih sorti različitog perioda sazrevanja, a naročito ranog perioda sazrevanja. U radu su ispitivane agrobiološke karakteristike sledećih stonih sorti (Erli muskat, Radmilovački muskat i Banatski muskat). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su ispitivane sorte pokazale izvesne razlike u pogledu pokazatelja rodnosti, prosečnog prinosa, kvaliteta grožđa i udela tržišno vrednog grožđa u ukupnom prinosu

Aktuelni sortiment stonih sorti i klonova vinove loze

List of table grape varieties which are actual for growing in Serbia are very traditional. Reason for that is probably relative small consumption of table grape, which are 4-5 kg per population. There is no professional or scientific justification. Large number of table grape varieties and clones of standard varieties had been created in the world and in us in last 20 years. Many grapevine varieties and clones had been imported in Serbia, and new varieties were created here in recent years. All this contributes to the higher quality and quantity offer of table grapes. If favorable ecological conditions have been added to this fact, we will have increased both production and consumption of table grape. The clones of standard table grape varieties: Afuz ali (966 and ISV 9), Muscat Hamburg (206 and 932), Muscat of Alexandria (308), Sultanina (919) and etc., with its features surpass population of varieties. Also, imported varieties: Matilda, Victoria, Michel Pallieri, Black Magic, Velika, Lival, Prima, Danlas and etc., supplemented varieties with different periods of maturation. Our new quality table grape varieties as Demir kapija, Karmen, Srbija, Lasta, etc., are found place in the standard production. Enriched grapevine list will affect that on both better production and consumption of table grape.Sortiment stonih sorti koje se trenutno masovnije gaje u Srbiji je dosta tradicionalan. Verovatno tome doprinosi i relativno mala potrošnja stonog grožđa (svega 4-5 kg / stanovniku). Za to nema ni stručnog ni naučnog opravdanja. U poslednjih 20 godina u Svetu i kod nas stvoren je veliki broj novih stonih sorti i selekcionisan veliki broj klonova standardnih sorti. Ako se ovome dodaju i povoljni ekološki uslovi naših vinogorja svi su izgledi da ćemo imati povećanu proizvodnju i potrošnju stonog grožđa. Klonovi standardnih sorti: Afuz-ali (klon 966 i ISV 9), Muskat hamburg (klon 206 i 932), Aleksandrijski muskat (klon 308), Sultanina bela (klon 919) i dr., svojim osobinama nadmašuju populaciju sorti. Takođe, introdukovane sorte Matilda, Victoria, Michel Pallieri, Black magic, Velika, Lival, Prima, Danlas i dr., dopunjuju sortiment različitog perioda sazrevanja. Naše novije vrlo kvalitetne stone sorte Demir kapija, Karmen, Srbija, Lasta i dr., već su našle mesto u sortimentu. Obogaćen sortiment i povoljni ekološki uslovi ispunjavaju predispozicije da budemo kvalitetni i produktivni proizvođači i potrošači stonog grožđa

Influence of vine loads with fertile buds on grape yield and quality of variety ŽiŽak in podgorica vineyard area

Results of a two-year study of the influence of different vine loads with fertile buds on elements of grape yield and quality of Žižak grape variety are presented in this paper. The research was conducted in the Podgorica sub region, at the Lješkopolje site. Four different vine loads with fertile buds were applied: 14 buds, 18 buds, 20 and 24 buds per vine. The results of this research show that the applied loads significantly influence the examined parameters of the autochthonous variety Žižak. The highest percentage of developed and fertile shoots, as well as the average number of flowers per bud, had a variant with load of 14 buds. The relative coefficient of yielding in all examined load variants had mean values. In terms of the number of flowers per fertile shoot in the two-year average, variants with a load of 18 and 14 buds (1.44 and 1.39) stood out. The highest yield of grapes in the two-year average had the variant with a load of 24 buds-3.60 kg/vine, while the highest bunch weight had the variant V1-185 g. The quality of grapes also varied significantly under the influence of the vine load with fertile buds. The highest sugar content in must had variant with a load of 18 buds (22.32%), while the highest acid content (6.27g/l) was recorded in the variant with 24 buds per vine

Rodnost i kvalitet sorte kaberne fran

A study was conducted during three years (2009 - 2011) to evaluate the cropping potential and quality of the grape variety Cabernet franc cultivated in the Trstenik vine growing region. The data obtained showed that Cabernet franc can be successfully grown under the environmental conditions of the Trstenik vine growing region as it produced good yields of high quality grape. Over the three-year period, the average yield per hectare was about 10 t, with the sugar and total acids contents being 200 g l-1 and 6.9 g l-1 respectively, suggesting optimum growing conditions for this variety in the study region.U uslovima trsteničkog vinogorja u periodu 2009 do 2011. godine ispitivan je rodni potencijal i kvalitet grožđa sorte Kaberne fran. Rezultati pokazuju da se sorta Kaberne fran može uspešno gajiti u agroekološkim uslovima trsteničkog vinogorja. Sorta je iskazala dobru rodnost i dobar kvalitet grožđa. Prosečan prinos po hektaru u trogodišnjem periodu kretao se oko 10 t, sadržaj šećera bio je 200 g l-1 dok je ukupnih kiselina bilo 6,9 g l-1, što znači da je ispitivana sorta imala optimalne uslove za gajenje u ovom vinogorju

Uticaj alkoholne fermentacije na kvalitet rakije lozovače

Grape brandy is a product obtained by fermentation and distillation of crushed grapes of cultivated grapevine Vitis vinifera. Grape brandy quality depends on many factors such as: grapevine varieties, climate, soil, time and method of distillation, storage methods and other distillates. The grapevine variety 'Neoplanta' grown in the experimental field of the PD 'Center for Viticulture and Enology' in Niš was used in the experiment. Tests were performed in the laboratory of the Centre. Healthy grapes of harvest maturity were squashed by a stalk-removing electric crusher. Fermentation was performed in plastic containers in the presence of the indigenous microflora of wine yeasts. This paper presents the influence of pH and inorganic nitrogen added to the fermentation medium on the content of volatile components and concentrations of higher alcohols.Lozovača ili lozova rakija predstavlja proizvod koji se dobija fermentacijom i destilacijom celog kljuka grožđa plemenite vinove loze Vitis vinifera. Kvalitet rakije lozovače zavisi od velikog broja faktora: sorte vinove loze, klime, zemljišta, vremena i načina destilacije, načina čuvanja destilata i dr. Za realizaciju ovog eksperimenta korišćeno je grožđe sorte vinove loze 'Neoplanta' koja se gaji na oglednom imanju PD 'Centar za vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo' u Nišu. Ispitivanja su izvedena u laboratorijskim uslovima Centra. Zdravo i tehnološki zrelo grožđe je izmuljano električnom muljačom koja odvaja peteljke. Fermentacija celokupnog kljuka grožđa je izvršena u plastičnim vrionim posudama u prisustvu autohtone mikroflore vinskih kvasaca. U radu je prikazan uticaj pH vrednosti i neorganskog azota dodatog u fermentacionu smešu na sadržaj isparljivih komponenti i koncentraciju viših alkohola

Organsko vinogradarstvo u svetu, Srbiji i regionu

organic production is a process that develops a viable and legitimate agricultural ecosystems. The link between man, agriculture and local environmental conditions, provides quality food for people, plants and animals in a healthy environment. There are a few basic principles and ideas that explain the production of organic food in the ecosystem. The organic viticulture production in which there is a balance between environmental conditions, varieties and methods of cultivation. The two main factors that determine the choice of location concepts and establishing assortments. Organic viticulture is widespread mainly in the Mediterranean countries of Europe such as Italy, France and Spain. The Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and constant air currents limiting the development of pests and diseases on grapevines. The same concept can be seen in California, USA and South Africa. In the wine-growing countries with humid climates apply to another concept of organic viticulture, and that is the use of varieties resistant to pests and diseases. In Romania, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland and northern France are represented interspecific hybrids and new resistant varieties. In the north-east of America, on the border with Canada, grown varieties Vitis labrusca and Vitis species in the south rotundifolia. However, in these humid regions is crucial in the selection of sites with appropriate climatic and soil conditions. The choice of suitable climatic conditions is important for conventional viticulture in order to get the best quality of grapes and wine.Organska proizvodnja je proces koji razvija održive i opravdane agroekosisteme. Povezanost čoveka, poljoprivrede i lokalnih ekoloških uslova, pruža kvalitetnu hranu za ljude, biljke i životinje u zdravoj životnoj sredini. Postoji nekoliko osnovnih principa i ideja koji objašnjavaju proizvodnju organske hrane u ekosistemu. Organsko vinogradarstvo je proizvodnja u kojoj postoji ravnoteža između ekoloških uslova, sorte i načina kultivacije. Dva osnovna faktora koji određuju koncepte su odabir lokacije i utvrđivanje sortimenata. Organsko vinogradarstvo je široko rasprostranjeno uglavnom u mediteranskim zemljama Evrope kao što su Italija, Francuska i Španija. Mediteranska klima sa toplim i suvim letima i stalnim vazdušnim strujama ograničava razvoj bolesti i štetočina na vinovoj lozi. Isti koncept se ogleda u Kaliforniji, SAD-u i Južnoj Africi. U vinogradarskim zemljama sa humidnom klimom primenjuje se drugi koncept organskog vinogradarstva, a to je primena otpornih sorata na bolesti i štetočine. U Rumuniji, Nemačkoj, Mađarskoj, Švajcarskoj i Severnoj Francuskoj zastupljeni su interspecies hibridi i nove otporne sorte. Na severo-istoku Amerike, na granici sa Kanadom, gaje se sorte vrste Vitis labrusca, a na jugu vrste Vitis Rotundifolia. Međutim, u ovim humidnim oblastima presudan je izbor lokacije sa odgovarajućim klimatskim i zemljišnim uslovima. Izbor pogodnih klimatskih uslova je važan i za konvencionalno vinogradarstvo kako bi se dobili najbolji kvalitet grožđa i vina

Procena prinosa grožđa analizom digitalne fotografije čokota vinove loze

The grape yield per vine of cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) was evaluated on the basis of digital image processing of vine part. Digital camera was mounted on tripod and used for taking photos of 1 x 1 m portions of canopy. The Adobe Photoshop software was used to analyse image for the colour counting of the blue pixels of grape in the quadrant region. The actual yield was obtained from the photographed vines by hand harvesting of sampled portions. Linear regression was used for calculation of the correlation between blue pixels and grape weight. The relatively strong relationship between blue pixels and grape weight (R2=0.91) was obtained. Based on these results, we can recommend this simple technique for yield forecasting.U radu je prikazan metod procene prinosa grožđa po čokotu na osnovu primene analize nekih elemenata digitalne fotografije. Za analizu su korišćene kolor digitalne fotografije čokota vinove loze (Vitis vinifera L.) sorte Kaberne sovinjon na kojima je obuhvaćen deo sa zonom grozdova. Fotografisanje je izvršeno neposredno pred berbu grožđa, tako što je digitalna kamera montirana na tripod ispred rama koji je označavao zonu od 1 × 1 m2 i kojim je obuhvaćena cela zona grozdova jednog čokota. Za obradu snimljene fotografije korišćen je Adobe Photoshop program uz pomoć kojeg je izvršeno prebrojavanje svih tačaka i plavih tačaka (piksela) u označenom kvadratu. Odmah po izvršenom fotografisanju ispitivanog čokota, obrani su svi grozdovi i izmerena je njihova masa. Primenom linearne regresije utvrđena je relativno jaka korelativna zavisnost (R2=0,91) između vrednosti dobijene iz odnosa broja plavih tačaka grozdova / sve tačke fotografije i izmerene mase grožđa. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, može se preporučiti ova tehnika za brzu, jednostavnu procenu prinosa grožđa u fazi kada bobice poprime punu sortnu boju pokožice

Privredno tehnološke karakteristike novointrodukovanih interspecies hibrida vinove loze

Results obtained by examining the most important commercial and technological characteristics for five introduced table grapevine cultivars, interspecies hybrids (Frumoasa, Rusmol, Vitjan, Vostorg and Kodrijanka) are represented in this paper. Cultivars were reciprocal compared. Obtained results showed considerable variation in respect of examined characteristics, but contemporary showed ability for successful growing in Grocka-vineyards-area conditions, and in other vineyards-area with the similar agro ecological conditions.U radu su predstavljeni rezultati ispitivanja najvažnijih privredno tehnoloških osobina za pet introdukovanih stonih sorti interspecies hibrida (Frumoasa, Rusmol, Vitjan, Vostorg i Kodrijanka). Sorte su međusobno upoređivane. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju znatna variranja u pogledu ispitivanih karakteristika, ali istovremeno ukazuju na mogućnost uspešnog gajenja u uslovima gročanskog vinogorja kao i drugim vinogorjima sličnih agroekoloških svojstava