Medical staff resources of the Moscow psychiatric service during its reform

Since 2010, a modernization of the psychiatric service has been carried out in Moscow. Reforms affect both outpatient and inpatient units. An analysis of the staff resources of the service reflects the effectiveness of the reforms. The aim of the study was to improve the quality of psychiatric care based on the analysis of staff resources of the Moscow psychiatric service. The article presents data on the staff resources of the psychiatric service in 2008-2017. During the modernization of the psychiatric service, the number of psychiatrists was at a high level, the provision of psychiatrists to the Moscow population was higher than the average provision to the Russian Federation. Growth in the number and staffing of ambulatory rates in psychiatric institutions in Moscow in 2015-2017 partially compensated the decrease in the number and staffing rates in psychiatric hospitals, however, there is currently a staff shortage in the psychiatric service of Moscow, as indicated by the excess of job-sharing coefficients in individual institutions. During the study period, there was a positive change in the number of visits per 1 psychiatrist.С 2010 г. в Москве проводится модернизация психиатрической службы. Реформы затрагивают амбулаторное и стационарное звенья службы. Анализ кадровых ресурсов службы отражает эффективность реформ. Целью исследования являлось повышение качества психиатрической помощи на основе анализа данных по кадровой обеспеченности психиатрической службы г. Москвы. 6 статье приведены данные по кадровым ресурсам психиатрической службы за 2008 - 2017 гг. За время модернизации психиатрической службы число психиатров находилось на высоком уровне, обеспеченность психиатрами населения Москвы была выше, чем в среднем по РФ. Рост количества и укомплектованности амбулаторных ставок в психиатрических учреждениях г. Москвы в 2015 - 2017 гг. частично компенсировал снижение количества и укомплектованности ставок в психиатрических стационарах, однако в психиатрической службе г. Москвы в настоящее время сохраняется кадровый дефицит, на что указывает превышение коэффициентов совместительства в отдельных учреждениях. За исследуемый период наблюдалась положительная динамика количества посещений в расчете на 1 психиатра

Thyroid cancer risk in Belarus among children and adolescents exposed to radioiodine after the Chornobyl accident

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed an increased risk of thyroid cancer among children and adolescents exposed to radioactive iodines released after the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) accident, but the effects of screening, iodine deficiency, age at exposure and other factors on the dose-response are poorly understood. METHODS: We screened 11 970 individuals in Belarus aged 18 years or younger at the time of the accident who had estimated (131)I thyroid doses based on individual thyroid activity measurements and dosimetric data from questionnaires. The excess odds ratio per gray (EOR/Gy) was modelled using linear and linear-exponential functions. RESULTS: For thyroid doses \u3c5 \u3eGy, the dose-response was linear (n=85; EOR/Gy=2.15, 95% confidence interval: 0.81-5.47), but at higher doses the excess risk fell. The EOR/Gy was significantly increased among those with prior or screening-detected diffuse goiter, and larger for men than women, and for persons exposed before age 5 than those exposed between 5 and 18 years, although not statistically significant. A somewhat higher EOR/Gy was estimated for validated pre-screening cases. CONCLUSION: 10-15 years after the Chornobyl accident, thyroid cancer risk was significantly increased among individuals exposed to fallout as children or adolescents, but the risk appeared to be lower than in other Chornobyl studies and studies of childhood external irradiation

Disinfection of Surfaces Contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus by UV Radiation of Low-Pressure Mercury-Vapour Lamp

The aim of the work was to determine the effective ultraviolet (UV) doses required for the disinfection of surfaces contaminated with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus using a low-pressure mercury lamp. Materials and methods. To carry out prompt disinfection of surfaces, a specially designed source of UV radiation with a power of 7.5 W at a wavelength of 254 nm in the form of a portable flashlight was employed, which has a high efficiency of UV radiation output and the possibility of long-term autonomous operation from a compact battery. In the studies, a suspension culture of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus with biological activity of 5.3∙106 PFU/ml was used. The objects of testing were plastic Petri dishes (disposable) and office paper (grade C, density 80 g/m2 ). Results and discussion. Doses of UV radiation that provide disinfection of surfaces contaminated with the COVID-19 pathogen with an efficiency of 99.0 % (paper) to 99.95 % (plastic) have been determined. The results obtained make it possible to recommend a portable UV irradiator for use in the practice of preventive measures to combat the spread of the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus

Possible ways to improve the efficiency of mental health care

The paper highlights the main ways to increase the efficiency of mental health care according to the data available in foreign and Russian literature. It sets forth the main directions for development of mental health care and the possibilities of their implementation. The basic documents of the World Health Organization, which define the most important vectors of the development of European psychiatry, are considered