The Population Problem: A Third World Reaction

Dr. Mascarenhas is Consultant in Community Health and Family Planning at the Family Welfare Center in Bangalore, India. Until April, 1975, she was Head of the Department of Preventive and Social Medicine at St. John\u27s Medical College in Bangalore and was actively involved in the first Village Health Cooperative program sponsored by the College. She is the author of a recently published book entitled Population Education for Quality of Life. The following article is the text of a paper presented at the XI General Assembly of the International Federation of Catholic Universities

Two-scale convergence for locally-periodic microstructures and homogenization of plywood structures

The introduced notion of locally-periodic two-scale convergence allows to average a wider range of microstructures, compared to the periodic one. The compactness theorem for the locally-periodic two-scale convergence and the characterisation of the limit for a sequence bounded in $H^1(\Omega)$ are proven. The underlying analysis comprises the approximation of functions, which periodicity with respect to the fast variable depends on the slow variable, by locally-periodic functions, periodic in subdomains smaller than the considered domain, but larger than the size of microscopic structures. The developed theory is applied to derive macroscopic equations for a linear elasticity problem defined in domains with plywood structures.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

Watermelon stomach seen by wireless‐capsule endoscopy

Endoscopy. 2003 Jan;35(1):100. Watermelon stomach seen by wireless-capsule endoscopy. Mascarenhas-Saraiva M, Lopes L, Mascarenhas-Saraiva A. SourceDigestive Endoscopy and Motility Unit, Trindade Hospital, Rua Trinidade 115, 4000-541 Porto, Portugal. [email protected] PMID:12510242[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE

A prospective study demonstrating improved visualization when capsule endoscopy is performed after preparation with polyethylene glycol and ascorbic acid

Capsule endoscopy is used increasingly to obtain images of the gastrointestinal tract, yet it still remains unclear what is the best preparation for this type of exploration. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the results of capsule endoscopy explorations performed after a basic preparation with a clear liquid diet, reduced iron intake and fasting or following preparation with a PEG/ascorbate solution. The results obtained from a prospective intervention group that used a PEG/ascorbate solution to prepare for capsule endoscopy were compared with those from a retrospective group of patients who followed the more basic preparation. The quality of visualization was assessed with the Park score, assessing visualization of the mucosal surface and the cleanliness of the intestinal lumen. The capsule transit time in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract was also evaluated. A significant improvement in the quality of small intestine visualization was observed in individuals prepared with the PEG/ascorbate solution as opposed to the basic preparation. Indeed, there were significant differences in the two separate components that contribute to the overall visualization score, with better mucosa visualization and lumen content scores in the intervention group, reflecting improved performance. The presence of diabetes appears to affect the results of these explorations, at least when employing the PEG/ascorbate preparation. As such, preparation with a PEG/ascorbate solution improves the results of capsule endoscopy when compared to a basic preparation, without the inconvenience of the more stringent preparations used for colonoscopies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Locally periodic unfolding method and two-scale convergence on surfaces of locally periodic microstructures

In this paper we generalize the periodic unfolding method and the notion of two-scale convergence on surfaces of periodic microstructures to locally periodic situations. The methods that we introduce allow us to consider a wide range of non-periodic microstructures, especially to derive macroscopic equations for problems posed in domains with perforations distributed non-periodically. Using the methods of locally periodic two-scale convergence (l-t-s) on oscillating surfaces and the locally periodic (l-p) boundary unfolding operator, we are able to analyze differential equations defined on boundaries of non-periodic microstructures and consider non-homogeneous Neumann conditions on the boundaries of perforations, distributed non-periodically

Work and Quantum Phase Transitions: Is there Quantum Latency?

We study the physics of quantum phase transitions from the perspective of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. For first order quantum phase transitions, we find that the average work done per quench in crossing the critical point is discontinuous. This leads us to introduce the quantum latent work in analogy with the classical latent heat of first order classical phase transitions. For second order quantum phase transitions the irreversible work is closely related to the fidelity susceptibility for weak sudden quenches of the system Hamiltonian. We demonstrate our ideas with numerical simulations of first, second, and infinite order phase transitions in various spin chain models.Comment: accepted in PR

Non universality of entanglement convertibility

Recently, it has been suggested that operational properties connected to quantum computation can be alternative indicators of quantum phase transitions. In this work we systematically study these operational properties in 1D systems that present phase transitions of different orders. For this purpose, we evaluate the local convertibility between bipartite ground states. Our results suggest that the operational properties, related to non-analyticities of the entanglement spectrum, are good detectors of explicit symmetries of the model, but not necessarily of phase transitions. We also show that thermodynamically equivalent phases, such as Luttinger liquids, may display different convertibility properties depending on the underlying microscopic model.Comment: 5 pages + references, 4 figures - improved versio

A Fabry-Perot interferometer with quantum mirrors: nonlinear light transport and rectification

Optical transport represents a natural route towards fast communications, and it is currently used in large scale data transfer. The progressive miniaturization of devices for information processing calls for the microscopic tailoring of light transport and confinement at length scales appropriate for the upcoming technologies. With this goal in mind, we present a theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional Fabry-Perot interferometer built with two highly saturable nonlinear mirrors: a pair of two-level systems. Our approach captures non-linear and non-reciprocal effects of light transport that were not reported previously. Remarkably, we show that such an elementary device can operate as a microscopic integrated optical rectifier

Effect of vanadium and carbon content on the sinterability of water atomised high speed steel powders

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the sintering behaviour of three vanadium enriched variants of T42 high-speed steel. Powders were prepared by water atomization with vanadium and carbon contents of 6-8 wt% and 2.2 -2.7 wt%, respectively. These were annealed, die pressed and sintered in vacuum. All three alloys were sintered to full density giving "as-sintered" microstructures comprising globular MC carbides dispersed in a martensitic matrix. Optimum sintering temperatures were in the range 1240-1250 degrees C with lower optimum temperatures associated with higher carbon levels. Sintering characteristics are correlated with phase diagrams calculated using ThermoCalc (TM) software and TCFe2000 database. The implications for the design of sinterable vanadium containing high-speed steels are discussed