クロマツ花粉のデンプン合成酵素

Properties of two diverse starch synthases, starch-bound and soluble types, from pollen of Pinus thunbergii Parl. were compared. ADP-glucose was used as a glucosyl donor for the formation of starch by both enzymes. They had similar Km values for ADP-glucose (2.51 mM and 2.43 mM), and had the same optimal pH value of 7-8. The addition of K^+, Mg^, Ca^ and Mn^ ions accelerated the activity of bound starch synthase, whereas Mg^, Ca^ and Mn^ ions inhibited the activity of soluble starch synthase, which was not effected by K^ ions. Properties of soluble enzyme were not changed by the adsorption on amylose

Chronic partial unloading restores β-adrenergic responsiveness and reverses receptor downregulation in failing rat hearts

ObjectivesMechanical unloading with a left ventricular assist device promotes “reverse remodeling,” including restoration of β-adrenergic receptor signaling and function. We compared the effects of partial unloading and complete unloading on β-adrenergic responsiveness and gene expressions in failing rat hearts by use of heterotopic heart–lung or heart transplantation models.MethodsFour weeks after ligation of the left anterior descending artery in Lewis rats, rats with heart failure were divided into 3 groups: infarcted hearts and lungs transplanted into the recipient rats (heart failure–partial unloading, n = 8); infarcted hearts transplanted into the recipient rats (heart failure–complete unloading, n = 7); infarcted (heart failure, n = 8) hearts without transplantation. Normal rats (n = 7) were used as controls. Papillary muscle function and gene expressions were studied at 2 or 4 weeks after transplantation.ResultsIn 2-week models, baseline developed tension of papillary muscles significantly increased in heart failure–partial unloading and heart failure–complete unloading compared with heart failure (0.15 ± 0.07 and 0.12 ± 0.05 g/mm2 vs 0.02 ± 0.01 g/mm2, P < .05). However, in 4-week models, they decreased to 0.11 ± 0.03 and 0.10 ± 0.03 g/mm2. In 4-week but not in 2-week models, the increase from baseline in baseline developed tension produced by β-adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol, 10−8 and 10−7 mol/L) was significantly increased in heart failure–partial unloading compared with heart failure–complete unloading and heart failure (P < .05). The mRNA expressions of brain natriuretic peptide and β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors were normalized in both 2- and 4-week models of heart failure–partial unloading.ConclusionsChronic partial unloading but not complete unloading improved β-adrenergic responsiveness and normalized brain natriuretic peptide and β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNA expressions in the failing rat hearts

Alternative redo sternotomy in a patient with tracheostoma and patent grafts.

We describe a redo mitral valve replacement operation in a 71-year-old man with a tracheostoma and patent bypass grafts to the coronary arteries. Preoperative investigations revealed that the patent right internal thoracic artery graft ran directly under the sternum just anterior to the ascending aorta, and a saphenous vein graft was adhering to a surgical wire. To prevent injury to the patent grafts and cardiac structures, and to avoid communication with the tracheostoma, the redo procedure was performed via an anterior minithoracotomy combined with a low T-shaped partial sternotomy. The reoperation was successfully completed without any complications

国産ショウガと中国産ショウガの色素および官能評価に関する比較

The ginger cultivated in Japan has the value of "a" which has increased in sweetened vinegar and the color which has changed from yellow to pinkish in the same condition. The ginger cultivated in China has not such changes in the same liquid, and is significantly harder than Japanese one in measuring with a rheolometer. The results of sensory evaluation, of which the three sensory scores are pungent, acceptance of pungent and total acceptance,show that Japanese one is much preferred to Chinese one, as it has less pungent taste with a significant difference. The pigments of Japanese one, which have not been obtained in Chinese one, are several anthocyanins and a slight acyl anthocyanin. The main anthocyanidin seems to be peonidin and three others have been identified as delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin respectively in results of high performance liquid chromatography

クロマツ花粉のADP-グルコースピロフォスフォリラーゼ

Properties of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from pollen of Pinus thunbergii were determined and the enzyme had an immportant relation to soluble type starch synthase of the pollen in the point of a pathway of starch synthesis with ADP-glucose as a glucose donor. The two enzymes have the same profile of culture time at the peak of activity (culture for 3～4 hr), optimum pH(7.5～8.0) and inhibition by magnesium ion(more than 4mM). The Michaelis constant for glucose-1-phosphate was 3.85mM but 3-phosphoglyceric acid had no effect on the enzyme activity

インバースガスクロマトグラフ法による吸湿量測定に及ぼすキャリヤーガス流速の影響

The adsorption behaviors of water vapor on Nylon-6 micro fiber are measured at 90℃ with inverse gas chromatography, of which the carrier gas flow rates are 10～40ml/min. The values of retention volume decrease when the peak area is on the increase. lt indicates that Nylon-6 micro fiber has strong adsorption of water vapor at low vapor pressure. The adsorption isotherm as a whole is found to be of BET II type with certain number of adsorption sites. The gas flow rate has no effect on the estimated amount of the vapor adsorption

インバースガスクロマトグラフ法による吸湿量測定に及ぼすキャリヤーガス流速の影響(2) : 測定温度の効果

ナイロン-6極細繊維を固定相に、蒸留水をプローブとして、インバースガスクロマトグラフ法による吸湿量測定に及ぼす温度の影響を調べた結果、極細繊維の特徴ある吸湿挙動が見られた。(1)保持容量とピーク面積のプロットについては、キャリヤーガス流速を変化させると保持容量は変化するが、その傾向は前報と同様に、下に凸の曲線を示し、どの流速においても、注入水分量の極少ない領域で、水分子とナイロン6極細繊維との間に、強い吸着が起こっていることを示唆した。(2)キャリヤーガス流速を20m1/minにし、測定温度を90℃から40℃まで変化させたところ、90℃では、キャリヤーガス流速40m1/minの時と同じ吸湿量であった。(3)測定温度80℃以下では、キャリヤーガス流速40m1/minの時よりも吸湿量が増えた。(4)BETパラメータであるN_mも吸湿量に対応していて、測定温度80℃以下では、キャリヤーガス流速40m1/minの時よりもN_mが増えた。キャリヤーガス流速の変化に依存した。(5)さらに詳細な検討が必要と思われる。The adsorption behaviors of water vapor by Nylon-6 micro fiber were measured in the range 40～90℃ by inverse gas chromatography, under the carrier gas flow rate in 20m1/min. The values of retention volume decreased with increasing the peak area, indicating the strong adsorption of the vapor on Nylon-6 micro fiber at low vapor pressure. The adsorption isotherm as a whole was found to be of BET IItype with certain number of adsorption sites. The carrier gas flow rate didn\u27t affect the estimated amount of the water vapor adsorption at 90℃. The amount of the water vapor adsorption increased with decreasing column temperature in the range 40～80℃

化粧用パフから分離される細菌類について

One hundred forty-nine strains of bacteria were isolated from 24 powder-puffs used daily by 24 female students. All the powder-puffs had some bacteria which grew on Soybean-Casein-Digest-Lecithin-Polysorbate 80 broth agar medium. Six powder-puffs had many bacteria of more than 1000 colony forming unit per 1 ml of powder-puff washing. Bacteria including genus Staphylococcus, genus Micrococcus and genus Bacillus were isolated, of which common species were S. epidermidis and B.subtilis or B.pumilus. The incidence of S.aureus was as low as 7 strains in 149 ones

Comparison of Xylan and Methyl β-Xyloside-Induced Xylanases from Streptomyces sp.

Three xylanases induced by xylan from Streptomyces sp. no. 3137 were purified to homogeneity. The enzymatic, physicochemical, and immunological properties of the enzymes were compared with those of three xylanases induced by non-metabolizable methyl β-xyloside. It was found that each xylanase produced under different culture conditions showed very similar properties