Vitreous proteomics, a gateway to improved understanding and stratification of diverse uveitis aetiologies

Purpose: The vitreous proteome might provide an attractive gateway to discriminate between various uveitis aetiologies and gain novel insights into the underlying pathophysiological processes. Here, we investigated 180 vitreous proteins to discover novel biomarkers and broaden disease insights by comparing (1). primary vitreoretinal lymphoma ((P)VRL) versus other aetiologies, (2). sarcoid uveitis versus tuberculosis (TB)-associated uveitis and (3). granulomatous (sarcoid and TB) uveitis versus other aetiologies. Methods: Vitreous protein levels were determined by proximity extension assay in 47 patients with intraocular inflammation and a prestudy diagnosis (cohort 1; training) and 22 patients with a blinded diagnosis (cohort 2; validation). Differentially expressed proteins identified by t-tests on cohort 1 were used to calculate Youden’s indices. Pathway and network analysis was performed by ingenuity pathway analysis. A random forest classifier was trained to predict the diagnosis of blinded patients. Results: For (P)VRL stratification, the previously reported combined diagnostic value of IL-10 and IL-6 was confirmed. Additionally, CD70 was identified as potential novel marker for (P)VRL. However, the classifier trained on the entire cohort (cohort 1 and 2) relied primarily on the interleukin score for intraocular lymphoma diagnosis (ISOLD) or IL-10/IL-6 ratio and only showed a supportive role for CD70. Furthermore, sarcoid uveitis displayed increased levels of vitreous CCL17 as compared to TB-associated uveitis. Conclusion: We underline the previously reported value of the ISOLD and the IL-10/IL-6 ratio for (P)VRL identification and present CD70 as a potentially valuable target for (P)VRL stratification. Finally, we also show that increased CCL17 levels might help to distinguish sarcoid uveitis from TB-associated uveitis

Composição corporal e exigências líquidas de macroelementos inorgânicos (Ca, P, Mg e K) para ganho de peso de bezerros machos de origem leiteira do nascimento aos 110 dias de idade Body composition and net inorganic macroelements (Ca, P, Mg and K) requirements for weight gain of dairy male calves at newly born to 110 days of age

O presente estudo foi conduzido para avaliar as mudanças na composição corporal e estudar as exigências líquidas de matéria mineral total (MM), cálcio (Ca), fósforo (P), magnésio (Mg) e potássio (K) para ganho de peso de corpo vazio (GPCVZ) e ganho de peso vivo (GPV) de bezerros do nascimento até os 110 dias de idade. Foram usados 18 bezerros da raça Holandês, machos, não castrados, pesando entre 30 e 100 kg. Seis animais foram abatidos ao nascimento, seis aos 50 dias e seis aos 110 dias de idade. Foram ajustadas equações de regressão do logaritmo da quantidade de MM, Ca, P, Mg e K retidos no corpo, em função do logaritmo do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ). As exigências líquidas dos macroelementos para ganho de peso foram obtidas por derivação das equações de predição da composição corporal. Ocorreu acréscimo na concentração de todos macroelementos no PCVZ e no GPCVZ do nascimento aos 110 dias de vida, entretanto, as exigências destes elementos para GPV decresceram neste mesmo período. As exigências líquidas para 1 kg de GPCVZ, para o intervalo de PCVZ de 27,57 a 74,27 kg, variaram de 69,76 a 74,33 g para MM; 24,24 a 24,67 g para o Ca; 14,64 a 16,06 g para o P; 0,48 a 0,53 g para o Mg e de 3,18 a 3,61 g para o K. As exigências líquidas para 1 kg de GPV, para o intervalo de PV de 30 a 100 kg, variaram de 63,37 a 55,20 g para MM; 22,02 a 18,32 g para o Ca; 13,30 a 11,93 g para o P; 0,44 a 0,39 g para o Mg e de 2,89 a 2,68 g para o K.<br>The work was carried out to evaluate changes in body composition and study the net requirements of mineral matter (MM), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) for empty body weight gain (EBWG) and live weight gain (LWG) of calves from birth to 110 days of age. Eighteen Holstein bull calves with initial average live weight of 40.84 kg and final of 87.03 kg were used. Six animals were slaughtered at birth and six at 50 and six at 110 days of age. Regression analysis of the logarithm of the amount of MM, Ca, P, Mg and K body retained in function of the logarithm of empty body weight (EBW) were fitted. The net requirements of macroelements for weight gain were obtained by derivation of the prediction equations of corporal composition. The EBW and EBWG all elements content increased at newly born to 110 days of age, however the LWG elements requirements decreased in same period. The net requirements for 1 kg EBWG, when EBW ranged from 27.57 to 74.27 kg was ranged from 69.76 to 74.33 g for MM; 24.24 to 24.67 g for Ca; 14.64 to 16.06 g for P; 0.48 to 0.53 g for Mg and 3.18 to 3.61 g for K. The net requirements for 1 kg LWG when LW changes from 30 to 100 kg was changed from 63.37 to 55.20 g for MM; 22.02 to 18.32 g for Ca; 13.30 to 11.93 g for P; 0.44 to 0.39 g for Mg and 2.89 to 2.68 g for K

Comparação de Sistemas de Avaliação de Dietas para Bovinos no Modelo de Produção Intensiva de Carne: Confinamento de Tourinhos Jovens Comparison of Diet Evaluation Systems for Cattle in an Intensive Beef Production Model: Feedlot of Young Bulls

Trinta tourinhos ¾ Canchim + ¼ Nelore com 15 meses de idade e peso corporal médio de 417 kg foram confinados durante 84 dias. Os animais foram alimentados com rações compostas por silagem de milho, milho, farelo de algodão, farelo de soja, soja integral e mistural mineral, ajustadas segundo as recomendações do Sistema de Proteína Metabolizável (MP), do Sistema de Proteína e Carboidratos Líquidos de Cornell (CNCPS) e do Sistema de Proteína Digestível no Intestino (PDI), para ganho de peso corporal previsto de 1,3 kg/cab/dia. O ganho diário de peso corporal não diferiu entre os tratamentos CNCPS, MP e PDI, com médias de 1,48; 1,51; e 1,13 kg/cab, respectivamente. A análise econômica revelou lucro líquido de R$116,25; R$148,30; e R$108,51/cab, para os sistemas CNCPS, MP e PDI, respectivamente. As dietas ajustadas pelos sistemas CNCPS e MP proporcionaram desempenho animal superior ao esperado, enquanto a dieta ajustada pelo sistema PDI não possibilitou o ganho de peso preconizado.<br>Thirty ¾ Canchim + ¼ Nelore young bulls with 417 kg of body weight and 15 months of age, were confined during 84 days. The animals were fed with diets composed with corn silage, corn grain, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, whole soybean and mineral mix, adjusted in agreement with the recommendations of the Metabolizable Protein System (MP), Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) and Intestine Digestible Protein System (PDI), for predicted body weight gain of 1.3 kg/head/day. The daily body weight gain did not differ among treatments CNCPS, MP and PDI, with 1.51; 1.48; and 1.13 kg/head, respectively. The economic analysis revealed net profit of R$116.25; R$148.30; and R$108.51/head for CNCPS, MP and PDI systems, respectively. The diets adjusted by CNCPS and MP systems provided superior animal performance than that expected, while the diet adjusted by PDI system did not allow the predicted body weight gain