Perda de água e sedimentos em microbacias hidrográficas agrícolas na região subtropical do Brasil.

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a influência de práticas de conservação de solo e de água nas perdas hídricas e de sedimentos via escoamento superficial e indicar a qualidade do uso e manejo do solo de microbacias hidrográficas na região subtropical brasileira

Condition of the soil resource and provision of ecosystem services from a Brazilian Oxidic soil under conventional and integrated livestock-based systems.

Integrated crop-livestock-forest systems promote soil health and deliver more ecosystem services (ES) compared to conventional livestock systems, although most studies on the subject poorly describe the soil component of these systems. This preliminary study assessed the condition of the soil resource and its role in the provision of ecosystem services from a Brazilian Oxidic soil under conventional and integrated livestock-based systems. Five systems were studied from pasture only to partial and fully integrated croplivestock-forest systems. All are located on one of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) Research Farms. Data for the quantification of the soil resource and ES for each of these livestockbased systems were retrieved from previous studies and used to quantify soil health, the provision of food and fibre and climate regulation, as well as report their impacts on receiving environment. Soil organic carbon content, a key component of soil health, was higher in the most integrated system. Soil-based grass yields were lower in integrated systems due to competition for resources from the trees or space taken by crops but had the highest overall provision of food and fibre. Carbon sequestration by trees in the integrated systems offsets enteric methane emissions from beef production, and this ES contributes to mitigating climate change. Future studies should include analysis of all the natural resources and a wider range of soil-based ecosystem services, along with impacts on receiving environments to provide a more complete picture of the performance of integrated livestock-based systems

Uso e manejo do solo: impactos na qualidade da água em microbacias hidrográficas agrícolas na região sul do Brasil.

Orientadora: Nerilde Favaretto e Coorientadores: Fabiano Daniel De Bona e Matheus Fonseca Durães

FUNGAL DISEASE IN ‘'ERVA-MATE''

“Erva mate” is a native tree, which is very important for the gaucho culture mainly because it serves as raw material for the traditional mate, and other products. Due to the high disease incidence in the “erva mate” plantations and nursery, the lack of information related to the pathogens that occur in this culture and its proper management, many farmers have abandoned these areas to cultivate major crops. This study aimed conduct a survey and identification of major diseases that occur in “erva mate” in the Alto Uruguai Gaucho region. For this, soil samples were collected for posterior serial dilution and quantification of colony forming units (CFUs), and aerial part samples of unhealthy plants for later identification of present pathogens. In the aerial part samples, it was found that the highest incidence in “erva mate” plantations and nurseries was the Fusarium genus, and also identified genre fungi as Colletotrichum, Cylindrocladium and saprophytes as Rhizopus and Cladosporium. Furthermore, it was evident the presence of genus Trichoderma in the soil samples, which is important since this is an antagonist of Fusarium species that are potentially pathogenic to this culture