THE DIVERSITY OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIAL MICROFLORA IN SOIL POLLUTED WITH CRUDE OIL AND DIFFERENT TREATMENTS

Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution is one of the main environmental problems, not only bythe important amounts released but also because of their toxicity. It is known that the mainmicroorganisms consuming petroleum hydrocarbons are bacteria. The present researchwork reports the diversity of microrganis from crude oil polluted soil been treated with anatural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum. The bacterial inoculum was used toenrich indigenous microbes to enhance biodegradation rate. In soil excessively polluted with crude oil, bacterial population size in conditioned variant with Ecosol maximum dose (1%) presented values comparable to those of inoculated variants, demonstrating the protective and stimulation effect of soil bacteria, including those involved in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons exercised by organic compound applied Ecosol

PRELIMINARY DATA REGARDING BIOREMEDIATION OF SOILS POLLUTED WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS BY USING CYCLODEXTRINS

The main characteristics of the pollution caused by refineries and petrochemical plants is that the source of pollution is active, most of the time, for a short period of time, but has an important intensity, the pollutiong agent being usualy made up of limited pretoleum fractions. Also, in most of tha cases of accidental spills of petroleum products, the affected soil surface is much smaller than the contaminated surface of the first aquifer encountered by the pollution front. The crude oil resulting from the extraction, having a complex composition, acts on the soil depending on the amount, composition and properties of the organic and inorganic components contained. β-Cyclodextrin is a chemical substance with the molecular formula C42H70O35. Cyclodextrins were the first compounds studied in terms of complexation behaviour and catalytic properties, the objective being to mimic enzymes. The paper presents data concerning the soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics and chemical characteristics of crude oil that will be used in the Greenhouse experiment. Also, in the paper is achieved the state of the art for β-cyclodextrins used in bioremediation of soils polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons

A review on different bioremediation technologies for soil polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons

Crude oil and its derivates now has become a threat to environment due to extraction and transportation. Accidental oil spills occur regularly at many locations throughout the world. Contamination / pollution of soil with petroleum hydrocarbons has become a serious problem. Various physical, chemical and biological remediation strategies have been used to restore polluted soils. For bioremediation technology application, it is necessary to know the optimizing ways of the biodegradation process. Even though cost the of soil decontamination is roughly similar in many ways, more and more of pollution research is directed to biotechnological methods based on the ability of microorganisms to degrade certain pollutants under both natural conditions and through anthropogenic intervention meant to shorten the time of ecological reconstruction of polluted sites. Bioremediation can be divided into two basic types: natural attenuation, which can be applied when the natural conditions are suitable for the performance of bioremediation without human intervention, and engineered bioremediation, which is used when is necessary to add substances that stimulate microorganisms. Soil bioremediation technologies could be in situ or ex situ. As bioremediation technologies in situ cand be applied: biostimulation, bioaugmentation, bioventing, stimulation with surfactans, phytoremediation, use of agricultural land, natural attenuation, biobubbling, cometabolism. Ex situ bioremediation technologies could be achieved by bioreactors, hovering the land, biopile, composting

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TREATMENTS OF SOIL POLLUTED WITH CRUDE OIL ON PLANT BIOMASS

The aim of this research was to improve the bioremediation technology for soils that are polluted with crude oil through biostimulation, bioaugmentation and phytoremediation. The soil artificial polluted with crude oil have been treated with a natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum. The plant used in the greenhouse experiment is maize. In this paper is presented the influence of different treatments on plant biomass. It will be shown the influence of crude oil on plant growth (plant number/pot, plant length, leaves number and plant biomass) in a soil treated with a natural biodegradable product and inoculated with bacterial inoculum. According with the results obtained, this method could be used in field for rehabilitation and reuse in agriculture of polluted soils with crude oil

CORRECTING THE SOIL pH USING A METALLURGICAL WASTE

Soil acidity is among the important environmental factors which can influence plant growth and can seriously limit crop production. Therefore, liming acid soils is basic to maintain an optimal pH. Soil pH has a large influence on the availability of plants nutrients. The steel slag can be used as an amendment for an acid soil considering the high contents of CaO and MgO. The paper presents the preliminary obtained data regarding the use of steel slag resulted as a metallurgical waste from a Romanian steel refinery and its effect on the soil pH. The physical and chemical characteristics of the acid soil are presented. The effects of the steel slag applied at different rates on soil pH have been investigated in the laboratory experiment

Bioremediation Potential of Native Hydrocarbons Degrading Bacteria in Crude Oil Polluted Soil

Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil is an effective process to clean petroleum pollutants from the environment. Crude oil bioremediation of soils is limited by the bacteria activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Native crude oil degrading bacteria were isolated from different crude oil polluted soils. The isolated bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Bacillus. A natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum were used for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal from an artificial polluted soil. For soil polluted with 5% crude oil, the bacterial top, including those placed in the soil by inoculation was 30 days after impact, respectively 7 days after inoculum application, while in soil polluted with 10% crude oil,  multiplication top of bacteria was observed in the determination made at 45 days after impact and 21 days after inoculum application, showing once again how necessary is for microorganisms habituation and adaptation to environment being a function of pollutant concentration. The microorganisms inoculated showed a slight adaptability in soil polluted with 5% crude oil, but complete inhibition in the first 30 days of experiment at 10% crude oil

OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE FAUNA OF INVERTEBRATES FROM TINCA AREA (BIHOR COUTY, ROMANIA) DURING THE COLD SEASON 2017-2018

In this work are presented data about the fauna of invertebrates from Tinca area (Bihor County) during the cold season 2017-2018. There were identified 47 species belonging to seven classes. The winter 2017-2018 could be considered the warmest from the history of Tinca village with diurnal temperatures between 0 – 17o C. In this way, there identified premature activities, even copula in some species. There are identified 47 species belonging to seven classes. The most represented class is Insecta - 41 species. There were identified two species in copula - Lumbricus terrestris L. and Culex pipiens L. The Sympecma fusca VdL. species is mentioned for the first time in Tinca area and in the Bihor county. We noticed some phenological anomalies at four species

NEW DATA ABOUT THE GALLS FROM TINCA AREA (BIHOR COUNTY, ROMANIA)

The study presented the species which induce galls, identified in Tinca area during 2003-2017. These species (93) belongs to different taxonomic groups: insects, acari, fungus. The biggest percentage is held by insects - 76 species, followed by Acari - 11 species and Fungus - 6 species. The most represented family is Cynipidae - 36 species. The distribution of the orders of gall inducting insects is the next - Diptera-39 species, Hymenoptera - 30 species, Homoptera - 6 species, Coleoptera - 1 species. Within the fungi, the distribution is the following: Ascomycetae - 1 species, Erysiphaceae - 1 species, Peronosporaceae - 2 species, Hypocreaceae - 1 species, Pucciniaceae - 1 species