COMPARISON OF FINANCIAL RESULTS OF GLOBAL MEDIA CORPORATIONS AND CROATIAN MEDIA COMPANIES

Cilj je ovoga rada komparirati financijske rezultate poslovanja globalnih cross medijskih korporacija i hrvatskih medijskih poduzeća. Globalne medijske korporacije počele su se razvijati krajem prošlog stoljeća, na kraju razdoblja države blagostanja. Napuštanje keynesijanizma povezano je s krajem moderne i zasićenošću nacionalnih tržišta razvijenih država. Liberalizacija gospodarstva i globalizacija poslovanja označila je početak širenja međunarodnih kompanija u sve dijelove svijeta. Istovremeno se odvijao proces udruživanja i preuzimanja kompanija koje nisu mogle pratiti takav ritam razvoja. Prve investicijske aktivnosti u novinsku industriju počele su se odvijati još šezdesetih godina dvadesetog stoljeća, a već dvadeset godina kasnije u SAD-u nastaju prve medijske korporacije. Digitalizacija je omogućila konvergenciju medijske industrije pa je put k osvajanju globalnog tržišta bio otvoren. Upravljanje suvremenim medijskim korporacijama podrazumijeva sveobuhvatna poduzetnička i menadžerska znanja i vještine. Postindustrijsko društvo prebrisalo je granice između proizvodnje usluga i roba u materijalnom obliku. Medijske korporacije proizvode sadržaje koji se mogu istovremeno distribuirati i kao roba i kao usluga. Općenito vrijedi stav kako je temeljni cilj poslovanja profitnih organizacija povećanje njihove vrijednosti. Komparacijom financijskih pokazatelja napravit ćemo presjek uspješnosti između globalnih medijskih korporacija i domaćih medijskih poduzeća.The aim of this article is to compare the financial performance of the global cross-media corporations and Croatian media companies. The global media corporations were created by the end of last century which coincided with the period of the welfare state. Abandoning Keynesianism was associated with late modern and saturation of national markets in the developed countries. The liberalization of the economy and the globalization of business have marked the commencement of the spread of international companies worldwide. Simultaneously the process of mergers and acquisitions of companies underwent which could not follow the same rhythm of development. The first of investment activities in the newspaper industry began to take place back in the sixties of the twentieth century, and twenty years later, in the United States the first media corporations have been formed. Digitalization enabled the convergence of the media industry and the way to winning the global market was opened. The management of the modern corporate media includes comprehensive entrepreneurial and managerial skills and knowledge. The post industrial society has overwritten the border between the production of services and goods in material form. The media corporations produce content that can be distributed at the same time as well as the goods and services. In general, it is accepted that the fundamental objective of the profit organizations operations is to increase their value. Comparing financial ratios shall provide cross section performance between global media corporations and domestic media companies

Applications of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in Empirical Studies Regarding the Croatian Tourism

Tourism is one of the largest and continuously booming economic sectors globally that significantly contributes primarily to GDP, employment, and prosperity. The efficiency of this sector is, therefore, closely researched and investigated by scholars across the globe. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA henceforward) is one of the leading non-parametric methodologies that evaluates the performance and relative efficiency of complex and homogeneous entities called Decision-Making Units (DMUs). The main aim of this study is to explore, identify and present different applications of DEA in Croatian tourism, which is one of the sectors that contributes the most to the economy. Other goals are to present ten surveyed papers that employ the DEA methodology. To identify the surveyed studies, an extensive literature review has been conducted, and the Scopus, Web of Science, and CROSBI (Croatian Scientific Bibliography) databases have been browsed, with the keywords "DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS", "TOURISM "and "CROATIA ". Furthermore, the study of Neralić and Gardijan Kedžo (2019) has been used as a foundation of the literature review. The key findings indicate that most of these ten surveyed papers employ the DEA BCC output-oriented model, and most of the analyzed time frame is from 2011 onwards

West Syndrome with Periventricular Leukomalacia: Ten-year Clinical Study

The aim of the study was to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in infants with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) andWest syndrome (WS) and determine the neurodevelopmental outcome in children withWest syndrome and PVL. Ultrasound and brain MRI were performed in 37 infants with recognized PVL. PVL was categorized according to De Vries, whereas West syndrome was categorized according to International League Against Epilepsy 1989. West syndrome in our patients developed during the first 2 years of life. The most common interictal abnormality was hypsarrhythmia. All, except two patients had delayed development and various degrees of mental retardation.The most characteristic neuroimaging findings were major reduction in cerebral cortical gray matter volume, reduction in the volume of brain myelin, and delayed myelination. These findings may explain the anatomical association between the West syndrome onset and PVL and intellectual and cognitive deficit in premature infants with PVL

Scalp block for hemodynamic stability during neurosurgery

Background and Purpose: For elective neurosurgery procedures maintaining perioperative hemodynamic stability and optimal cerebral perfusion is of outmost importance. Beside numerous anesthetics techniques, risk of hemodynamic instability is still very high. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed perioperative values of heart rate and arterial blood pressure in 39 patients who underwent neurosurgery. We combined general anesthesia with scalp block. We blocked the supraorbital, supratrochlear, zygomaticotemporal, auriculotemporal, greater occipital, and lesser occipital nerves with 0,5% chirocaine, including 5 μg/mL of epinephrine that was performed after general anesthesia induction, before pin placement. Heart rate and blood pressure values were measured before anesthesia induction, after induction, after pins placement, after craniotomy and at the end of surgery. Changes of heart rate and blood pressure values less than 20% after painful stimuli was considered as a good hemodynamic stability of applied anesthetic technique. Result: Scalp block was successfully performed in all patients without complications. Measured values of heart rate and blood pressure before and after anesthesia induction compered to values after painful stimuli werewithin the 20% change. Conclusion: Scalp block, combined with general anesthesia provide good hemodynamic stability during neurosurgery

Etomidate in neuroanesthesia for aneurysmal clipping in child with confirmed allergies to general anesthetics

BACKGROUND: Etomidate may be given in continuous infusion for maintenance of general anesthesia, although that practice is rarely seen due to beliefs that it has possibility of interfering with cortisol synthesis. However, etomidate is sometimes preferable choice as it has least influence on hemodynamics and rarely causes allergic reactions. ----- CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a case of 13-year-old boy with aneurysm of left middle cerebral artery, planned for aneurysmal clipping, and previously treated for ruptured aneurysm of right middle cerebral artery. As he was tested and proved allergic to most of the anesthetic drugs, and stable hemodynamic conditions were of most importance during planned neurosurgery, general anesthesia was maintained with etomidate infusion. He was prepared with metilprednisolon, antihistaminic, and ranitidine before the surgery. Cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were measured on three consecutive postoperative days. Only cortisol value, in the morning the day after the surgery, was below reference range, with the values back to normal until that evening. He was dismissed from the intensive care unit with Glasgow Coma Score 15. ----- CONCLUSION: Etomidate may be a choice for neuroanesthesia in specific group of people. We have good experience with our algorithm for continuous infusion of etomidate, with serum cortisol values in the reference range, if corticosteroids were not given before the surgery. Administration of metilprednisolon may diminish influence of perioperative stress on cortisol synthesis inhibition

Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Children with Periventricular Leukomalacia

The purpose of this study was to question the correlation of different grades of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. In a prospective study we followed 52 preterm infants. Infants were divided into three groups according to their cranial ultrasound findings of PVL (De Vries classification). Seventeen children had PVL 1, 20 children had PVL 2, and 15 children had PVL 3. All 15 (100%) children with PVL 3 developed cerebral palsy with additional visual perceptual dysfunctions and epilepsy. Children with PVL 1 had high frequency of mild neuromotoric delay and visual impairment. PVL 2 and 3 have great predictive value for subsequent severe neurodevelopmental disorder which refers to cerebral palsy, different cognitive deficits, vision impairment and epilepsy. We have determined that due to high frequency of visual impairment and epilepsy we need to include neurophysiologic examinations very early in children with PVL lesions

Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia in a Day Care Surgery Setting

Svrha: Analizirati podatke o stomatološkom liječenju u općoj anesteziji (OA-i) provedenom na Klinici za stomatologiju KBC-a Zagreb s naglaskom na osobitosti pacijenata, vrste zahvata i postoperativne komplikacije. Ispitanici i postupci: Retrospektivna analiza kartona 100 pacijenata liječenih u OA-i na jednodnevnoj kirurgiji Klinike za stomatologiju KBC-a Zagreb. Registrirani su demografski (spol, dob) i klinički podatci bolesnika (osnovna bolest, tehnika OA-e, vrsta intubacije, trajanje zahvata, broj karioznih zuba, broj pečatnih ispuna, ispuna, ekstrakcija i endodontskih liječenja, vrijeme do otpusta i postoperativne komplikacije). Rezultati: U OA-i je zbog nesuradnje iz različitih razloga liječeno 80 pacijenata, a 20 zbog teškoga fizičkog stanja ili preopsežnog zahvata za lokalnu anesteziju. Medijan KEP indeksa iznosio je 9 (0 – 21). Sanaciji svih zuba podvrgnuto je 89 pacijenata, a 11 drugim vrstama zahvata. Isti dan otpušteno je 97 pacijenata. Četvero su imali postoperativne komplikacije, pa je troje hospitalizirano zbog daljnjeg praćenja od 24 do 48 sati. Zaključak: Pacijenti s fizičkim i/ili mentalnim oštećenjem imaju veću aktivnost karijesa i povećanu potrebu za stomatološkom skrbi u odnosu prema općoj populaciji. Stomatološko liječenje u OA-i u sustavu jednodnevne kirurgije siguran je i učinkovit način liječenja za pacijente koji ne mogu surađivati sa stomatologom.Objective: To analyze data on full-mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia (GA) performed at the University Clinical Hospital Zagreb with emphasis on patient characteristics, type of procedure and postoperative complications. Materials and methods: Retrospective chart review of 100 patients treated under GA at the Dental clinic’s day care surgery. Patient’s demographic (sex, age) and clinical data (diagnosis, GA technique, intubation type, procedure duration, number of carious teeth, presence of visible calculus, number of sealed teeth, fillings, extractions and endodontic treatments, discharge time, postoperative complications) were registered. Results: Eighty patients were treatedunder GA because of noncompliance due to different reasons and twenty patients because of either their poor physical condition or extensive dental procedure. Median DMFT per patient was 9(0- 21). Eighty nine patients underwent full-mouth dental restoration and 11 patients underwent other types of procedures. Ninety seven patients were safely discharged the same day. Four patients experienced postoperative complications and three of them were hospitalized for another 24-48 hours for postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: Patients with physical and/or intellectual disabilities have higher caries activity and increased dental treatment needs compared to the general population. Dental treatment under GA in day care service is a safe and effective way of providing dental care for noncompliant patients

Komplikacije stomatološke sanacije u općoj anesteziji nakon otpusta iz sustava jednodnevne kirurgije

Objective: To review the frequency and management of post-discharge complications in patients who underwent dental treatment in general anesthesia (GA) in a day-care surgery setting and identify the factors that increase the risk for these complications. Material and methods: Anonymous questionnaire was sent to parents/caregivers of patients who underwent full mouth restoration in GA at our institution between 1 st January 2017 and 31 st July 2019. Demographic and clinical data of patients as well as the data about the occurrence and management of complications were collected. Results: Sixty-six parents/caregivers (30.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Most frequent complications were drowsiness and pain in 40(60.6%) patients. Complications were managed by parents or caregivers with conservative measures at home in 57(91.9%) cases. Phone consultation with dentist was required in 5(8.1%) cases. One patient (1.6%) was readmitted. Younger age and diagnosis were associated with increased risk for drowsiness. Conclusion: Post discharge complications of dental treatment in GA in a day-care service are common and they can be managed by parent/caregiver with conservative measures at home. The rate of readmission is low. Dental treatment in GA in a day-care service is a safe procedure that can be performed with acceptable risk in carefully selected patients.Svrha rada: Ispitati učestalost i liječenje komplikacija nakon otpusta pacijenata koji su bili podvrgnuti stomatološkom liječenju u općoj anesteziji (OA) u sustavu jednodnevne kirurgije i identificirati čimbenike koji povećavaju rizik od navedenih komplikacija.Ispitanici i postupci: Anonimni upitnik poslan je roditeljima/skrbnicima pacijenata koji su bili podvrgnuti stomatološkoj sanaciji u OA u našoj ustanovi između 1. siječnja 2017. i 31. srpnja 2019. Prikupljeni su demografski i klinički podatci o pacijentima te podatci o pojavi komplikacija i njihovu liječenju. Rezultati: Na upitnik je odgovorilo 66 roditelja/skrbnika (30,5 %). Najčešće komplikacije bile su ošamućenost i bol koje su se pojavile kod 40 pacijenata (60,6 %). Liječene su konzervativnim mjerama kod kuće u 57 slučajeva (91,9 %). Telefonska konzultacija sa stomatologom bila je potrebna u pet slučajeva (8,1 %). Jedan pacijent (1,6 %) bio je ponovo primljen u bolnicu. Mlađa dob i dijagnoza bile su povezane s povećanim rizikom od ošamućenosti. Zaključak: Komplikacije stomatološkog liječenja u općoj anesteziji poslije otpusta iz jednodnevne kirurgije su česte, no roditelji/skrbnici mogu ih u većini slučajeva liječiti konzervativnim mjerama kod kuće. Postotak ponovnih prijama u bolnicu je nizak. Stomatološko liječenje u OA u sustavu jednodnevne kirurgije siguran je zahvat koji se može obaviti uz prihvatljiv rizik ako se pacijenti pomno odaberu

Scalp block for hemodynamic stability during neurosurgery

Background and Purpose: For elective neurosurgery procedures maintaining perioperative hemodynamic stability and optimal cerebral perfusion is of outmost importance. Beside numerous anesthetics techniques, risk of hemodynamic instability is still very high. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed perioperative values of heart rate and arterial blood pressure in 39 patients who underwent neurosurgery. We combined general anesthesia with scalp block. We blocked the supraorbital, supratrochlear, zygomaticotemporal, auriculotemporal, greater occipital, and lesser occipital nerves with 0,5% chirocaine, including 5 μg/mL of epinephrine that was performed after general anesthesia induction, before pin placement. Heart rate and blood pressure values were measured before anesthesia induction, after induction, after pins placement, after craniotomy and at the end of surgery. Changes of heart rate and blood pressure values less than 20% after painful stimuli was considered as a good hemodynamic stability of applied anesthetic technique. Result: Scalp block was successfully performed in all patients without complications. Measured values of heart rate and blood pressure before and after anesthesia induction compered to values after painful stimuli werewithin the 20% change. Conclusion: Scalp block, combined with general anesthesia provide good hemodynamic stability during neurosurgery

Zadovoljstvo roditelja i skrbnika stomatološkim liječenjem djece u općoj anesteziji u sustavu jednodnevne kirurgije

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the satisfaction of parents and caregivers of patients who underwent dental treatment in general anesthesia (GA) in a day-care surgery setting. Material and Methods: Anonymous questionnaire was sent to parents/caregivers of patients who underwent full mouth restoration in GA. The survey consisted of 4 parts: general data, data about procedure, satisfaction with various aspects of care and the perception of parents/caregivers about the condition of their child in relation to the time before dental treatment in GA. Results: 66 parents/caregivers (30.5%) responded to the questionnaire. Overall satisfaction with the treatment was high (4.69). Respondents expressed the highest degree of satisfaction with communication with nurses (4.92), and the lowest with the waiting time for the procedure (3.89). Parents/caregivers of patients who reported difficulty eating expressed significantly lower overall satisfaction than the subjects whose children did not report difficulty eating. Also, the more treatments the patients underwent, the lower was the overall satisfaction than of those subjects whose children were never treated in such a manner before. Conclusions: Since patient satisfaction has a beneficial impact on treatment outcome and adherence to preventive recommendations, all health care providers should strive to achieve it.Cilj: Svrha ovoga istraživanja bila je ispitati zadovoljstvo roditelja i skrbnika pacijenata podvrgnutih stomatološkom liječenju u općoj anesteziji (OA) u sustavu jednodnevne kirurgije. Materijal i metode: Anonimni upitnik poslan je roditeljima/skrbnicima pacijenata podvrgnutih potpunoj oralnoj rehabilitaciji u općoj anesteziji. Anketa se sastojala od četiriju dijelova: općih podataka, podataka o zahvatu, zadovoljstva različitim aspektima skrbi i percepcije roditelja/skrbnika o stanju njihova djeteta u odnosu prema razdoblju prije stomatološkog tretmana u općoj anesteziji. Rezultati: Na upitnik je odgovorilo 66 roditelja/skrbnika (30,5 %). Sveukupno zadovoljstvo liječenjem bilo je visoko (4,69). Ispitanici su bili najzadovoljniji komunikacijom s medicinskim sestrama (4,92), a najmanje dugim čekanjem na zahvat (3,89). Roditelji/skrbnici pacijenata koji su prijavili poteškoće s prehranom izrazili su znatno niže ukupno zadovoljstvo od onih čija djeca nisu prijavila takve probleme. Također, što su više tretmana pacijenti prošli, to je sveukupno zadovoljstvo bilo niže nego kod ispitanika čija djeca nikada prije nisu bila liječena na takav način. Zaključci: Budući da zadovoljstvo pacijenata povoljno utječe na ishod liječenja i pridržavanje preventivnih preporuka, svi pružatelji zdravstvenih usluga trebaju težiti da se to i postigne