Analysis of axisymmetric cup forming of metal foil and micro hydroforming process

A novel forming method micro hydromechanical deep drawing (MHDD) is focused to improve the tribological property and forming limit. In this study, a theoretical model for MHDD is developed to investigate the size effect on deformation behavior in micro hydromechanical deep drawing. The effects of fluid pressure, the difference of friction coefficients at inner pockets and outer pockets are considered in the investigation on the size effect of tribological property. The friction force decreases as the scale factor decreases in MHDD process. It is also found that the tribological property in micro scale can be improved by applying the fluid pressure. The forming limit decreases as the relative punch diameter increases. However, it is clarified that the forming limit can be improved by decreasing the friction force in MHDD

Superconductivity in undoped T' cuprates with Tc over 30 K

Undoped cuprates have long been considered to be antiferromagnetic insulators. In this article, however, we report that superconductivity is achieved in undoped T'-RE2CuO4 (RE = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd). Our discovery was performed by using metal-organic decomposition (MOD), an inexpensive and easy-to-implement thin-film process. The keys to prepare the superconducting films are firing with low partial-pressure of oxygen and reduction at low temperatures. The highest Tc of undoped T'-RE2CuO4 is over 30 K, substantially higher than "electron-doped" analogs. Remarkably, Gd2CuO4, even the derivatives of which have not shown superconductivity so far, gets superconducting with Tconset as high as ~ 20 K. The implication of our discovery is briefly discussed.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letter

Facile Photo-Oxidation of Alcohols by a Flavin with a Metal-Chelation Site

A new flavin molecule with a metal-chelation site has been applied to photo-oxidation of alcohols: it is 2, 4, 7-trimethyl-10-benzylquino [8, 7-g] pteridine-9, 11 (7H, 10H) -dione (1) which has both an isoalloxazine structure and a phenathroline-like structure within a molecule. In contrast to conventional flavins which do not exhibit any measurable affinity toward redox-inactive transition metal ions, 1 formed stable complexes with most heavy metal ions in acetonitrile probably by means of a flavin → metal charge transfer. Photooxidation of alcohols by 1 was efficiently accelerated in the presence of Mg(II) and Zn(II), the k1 (pseudo-first-order rate constant) being greater by 5.1-7l fold than those in the absence of metal ions. Such a marked rate increase was not observed for 3-methyl-10-ethylisoalloxazine used as a reference flavin. The aerobic photo-oxidation of benzyl alcohol by the 1・Zn(II) complex served as a light-mediated recycle oxidation catalyst. These results indicate that the flavin with a metal-chelation site is not only useful synthetically as a recycle-type oxidation catalyst but also capable of mimicking the flavin-metal interactions important in metalloflavoproteins

Special Libraries, January 1920

Volume 11, Issue 1https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1920/1000/thumbnail.jp

Thrombolysis with Low-Dose Tissue Plasminogen Activator 3–4.5 h After Acute Ischemic Stroke in Five Hospital Groups in Japan

Clinical data from Japan on the safety and real-world outcomes of alteplase (tPA) thrombolysis in the extended therapeutic window are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and real-world outcomes of tPA administered within 3-4.5 h of stroke onset. The study comprised consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (n = 177) admitted across five hospitals between September 2012 and August 2014. Patients received intravenous tPA within <3 or 3-4.5 h of stroke onset. Endovascular therapy was used for tPA-refractory patients. In the 3-4.5 h subgroup (31.6 % of patients), tPA was started 85 min later than the <3 h group (220 vs. 135 min, respectively). However, outcome measures were not significantly different between the <3 and 3-4.5 h subgroups for recanalization rate (67.8 vs. 57.1 %), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (2.5 vs. 3.6 %), modified Rankin Scale score of 0-1 at 3 months (36.0 vs. 23.4 %), and mortality (6.9 vs. 8.3 %). We present data from 2005 to 2012 using a therapeutic window <3 h showing comparable results. tPA following endovascular therapy with recanalization might be superior to tPA only with recanalization (81.0 vs. 59.1 %). Compared with administration within 3 h of ischemic stroke onset, tPA administration within 3-4.5 h of ischemic stroke onset in real-world stroke emergency settings at multiple sites in Japan is as safe and has the same outcomes

Increased Systemic Glucose Tolerance with Increased Muscle Glucose Uptake in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing RXRγ in Skeletal Muscle

BACKGROUND: Retinoid X receptor (RXR) γ is a nuclear receptor-type transcription factor expressed mostly in skeletal muscle, and regulated by nutritional conditions. Previously, we established transgenic mice overexpressing RXRγ in skeletal muscle (RXRγ mice), which showed lower blood glucose than the control mice. Here we investigated their glucose metabolism. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: RXRγ mice were subjected to glucose and insulin tolerance tests, and glucose transporter expression levels, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and glucose uptake were analyzed. Microarray and bioinformatics analyses were done. The glucose tolerance test revealed higher glucose disposal in RXRγ mice than in control mice, but insulin tolerance test revealed no difference in the insulin-induced hypoglycemic response. In the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study, the basal glucose disposal rate was higher in RXRγ mice than in control mice, indicating an insulin-independent increase in glucose uptake. There was no difference in the rate of glucose infusion needed to maintain euglycemia (glucose infusion rate) between the RXRγ and control mice, which is consistent with the result of the insulin tolerance test. Skeletal muscle from RXRγ mice showed increased Glut1 expression, with increased glucose uptake, in an insulin-independent manner. Moreover, we performed in vivo luciferase reporter analysis using Glut1 promoter (Glut1-Luc). Combination of RXRγ and PPARδ resulted in an increase in Glut1-Luc activity in skeletal muscle in vivo. Microarray data showed that RXRγ overexpression increased a diverse set of genes, including glucose metabolism genes, whose promoter contained putative PPAR-binding motifs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Systemic glucose metabolism was increased in transgenic mice overexpressing RXRγ. The enhanced glucose tolerance in RXRγ mice may be mediated at least in part by increased Glut1 in skeletal muscle. These results show the importance of skeletal muscle gene regulation in systemic glucose metabolism. Increasing RXRγ expression may be a novel therapeutic strategy against type 2 diabetes

コウトウ キョウイク カイカク ノ ソウゴ コウイ ブンセキ : ビデオ エスノグラフィー ケンキュウ ノ ネライ ト コウガクブ トシ コウガク エンシュウ ノ ジッサイ

ビデオエスノグラフィーは、当事者的知識を十分に摂取しながら行うビデオ分析であり、我々は この方法で、高等教育改革の現場を研究した。生涯学習社会の到来を受けて、日本の高等教育は現在第 2 次世界大戦直後以来の改革期にある。すなわち、「知識」より「生涯学習能力」の獲得を志向した、 自発性を尊重するような様々な取り組みがなされ始めている。この高等教育の現場に対し、ワークプレ ース研究を行った。Ｂ大学工学部都市工学演習α班を分析対象とした調査の結果、①演習の課題解釈に は「従来の指標の相対化の要求の程度」を巡って２つの解釈があり得たこと、②班内にはその２種類の 解釈に対応した葛藤・対立的相互行為が存在したこと、③にもかかわらず、班内葛藤を生きる当事者が ともに専門性（「都市工学」）を志向していたこと、④したがって、課題理解のいかんにかかわらず、 班活動の全体が「都市工学演習」と呼び得るものになっていたこと、⑤その一方で、最終審査会場（ジ ュリー）ではこの２重性が十分レリバントなものとして浮かび上がって来ていなかったこと、これらの ことがわかった。諸結果を総合すると、学生の自主的活動を尊重するタイプの、新しい学習方法の吟味・ 評価のためには、学生によるその方法の実践状況の分析が有意義であるだろうこと、また、それは、場 合によっては教員の評価のパラダイムを変える力を持つだろうことなどが予測された。なお、本報告は、 文科省科学研究費補助金「高等教育改革のコミュニケーション分析－現場における文化変容の質的検討 －」（基盤研究（Ｂ）、 課題番号 １８３３０１０５、研究代表者：樫田美雄）ほかによる研究成果 の一部である

産後1ヵ月の女性における睡眠障害，日中の眠気と睡眠に良好な生活習慣の関連

本研究の目的は，産後1ヵ月の女性における睡眠障害，日中の眠気と睡眠に良好な生活習慣との関連を検討することである。対象は2013年4月から2015年3月に近畿圏内のＡ病院で妊婦健診もしくは産後1ヵ月健診に訪れた計549名の女性に調査用紙を配布し，回収した481名（回収率87.6％）のうち重回帰分析で用いた従属変数と独立変数に欠損がない67名であった。産後1ヵ月の女性では，8割に睡眠障害，4割に過度の日中の眠気が認められその支援の重要性が再認識された。睡眠障害には「何事も完璧にしなければならないと考えず，8割方できたら上出来だと考えるようにする」，「睡眠時間が不規則にならないようにする」，「寝床でテレビを見たり，仕事，読書をしない」が，日中の眠気には「一人で悩みごとを抱え込まず，誰かに相談する」，「夜に30分程度の運動をする」，「何事も完璧にしなければならないと考えず，8割方できたら上出来だと考えるようにする」の生活習慣の関連が認められ，出産後の睡眠に対するアプローチを検討するうえで重要と示唆された。論

4歳児をもつ女性の睡眠の主観的評価と精神健康との関連

4歳児をもつ女性260名を対象に,女性の睡眠健康,睡眠感,眠気と精神健康との関連を検討した.その結果,睡眠健康の障害,自覚的睡眠感,日中の眠気と精神健康とは関連することが明らかとなった.さらに,入眠と睡眠維持の障害から,起床時眠気や疲労回復の遅れを伴う場合には,身体症状,社会的活動障害や不安と関連し,うつ傾向には,入眠障害,起床時眠気の関与が明らかとなった.したがって幼児をもつ女性においても,入眠困難や睡眠の質の改善を図ることにより,自覚的睡眠感の改善が期待され,精神健康の向上に寄与すると推測された