Incorporação de polifenóis de erva-mate em amido de milho.

Há um interesse crescente nas propriedades farmacológicas conferidas pelos compostos presentes nas folhas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis). Sabe-se que tais ações biológicas, como ação antioxidante, anti-inflamatória, anti-idade, dentre outras, estão relacionadas aos compostos fenólicos e outras classes de substâncias, como as metilxantinas, presentes nesta planta (BASTOS et al., 2007). Os objetivos deste trabalho foram extrair e incorporar o extrato de erva-mate em amido de milho. No presente estudo, foram preparados extratos em cinco tempos diferentes, dos quais foram analisados a densidade, o teor de sólidos, o teor de cinzas e quantificados os compostos fenólicos. Tais análises foram feitas antes e após a incorporação em amido. Pode-se observar que não houve alteração significativa na densidade dos extratos antes e após a incorporação em amido e que houve retenção de compostos fenólicos no amido de milho. O amido de milho é um insumo altamente utilizado nas indústrias farmacêuticas, cosméticas e de alimentos, por suas características naturais. Neste trabalho, corroborando com outras pesquisas existentes, houve o interesse em conferir ao amido as ações biológicas do extrato das folhas de erva-mate a partir da incorporação dos compostos químicos relacionados a elas. O objetivo do trabalho foi alcançado na determinação do melhor tempo de extração de compostos fenólicos, bem como na incorporação destes compostos em amido. Vale acrescentar que análises mais detalhadas do produto gerado serão necessárias para comprovar a eficácia do método

Relação do polimorfismo de locos STR com parâmetros genéticos de características de crescimento e carcaça em bovinos nelore.

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Estudo genético quantitativo de características de carcaça medidas por ultrassom e perímetro escrotal utilizando inferência bayesiana em novilhos nelore.

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Parâmetros genéticos de caracteres de crescimento e reprodutivas em rebanhos selecionados da raça nelore.

RESUMO - Objetivou-se com este estudo estimar as herdabilidades e correlações genéticas entre os caracteres de crescimento e reprodutivas em bovinos Nelore criados extensivamente a pasto. O banco de dados foi fornecido pela Associação Nacional dos Criadores e Pesquisadores (ANCP), de cinco rebanhos, totalizando 34.137 animais. Os parâmetros genéticos foram estimados em análises uni e bicaracterísticas sob modelo animal, usando o algoritmo EM-REML disponível no programa REMLF90. As estimativas de herdabilidade dos efeitos aditivos diretos variaram de 0,10 a 0,46. As herdabilidades dos efeitos maternos variaram, 0,04 a 0,09. As estimativas de correlação entre os caracteres variaram de ?0,70 a 0,97, sendo todas favoráveis. As estimativas de herdabilidades obtidas permitem concluir que existe variabilidade genética nos rebanhos, indicando o progresso genético. E as correlações genéticas obtidas foram favoráveis, indicando a seleção para aumento de uma acarretará a melhoria do outro caráter. ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations between growth and reproductive traits in Nelore cattle raised extensively to pasture. The database was provided by the National Association of Breeders and Researchers (ANCP), of five herds, totaling 34,137 animals. The genetic parameters were estimated in uni and bicaracterísticas analyzes under animal model, using the EM-REML algorithm available in the program REMLF90. Heritability estimates of direct additive effects ranged from 0.10 to 0.46. Heritabilities of maternal effects ranged from 0.04 to 0.09. Estimates of correlation between the characters ranged from -0.72 to 0.97, all of which were favorable. The estimates of heritabilities obtained allow to conclude that there is genetic variability in the herds, indicating the genetic progress. And the genetic correlations obtained were favorable, indicating the selection for increase of one will entail the improvement of the other character

A genomic catalog of Earth’s microbiomes

The reconstruction of bacterial and archaeal genomes from shotgun metagenomes has enabled insights into the ecology and evolution of environmental and host-associated microbiomes. Here we applied this approach to >10,000 metagenomes collected from diverse habitats covering all of Earth’s continents and oceans, including metagenomes from human and animal hosts, engineered environments, and natural and agricultural soils, to capture extant microbial, metabolic and functional potential. This comprehensive catalog includes 52,515 metagenome-assembled genomes representing 12,556 novel candidate species-level operational taxonomic units spanning 135 phyla. The catalog expands the known phylogenetic diversity of bacteria and archaea by 44% and is broadly available for streamlined comparative analyses, interactive exploration, metabolic modeling and bulk download. We demonstrate the utility of this collection for understanding secondary-metabolite biosynthetic potential and for resolving thousands of new host linkages to uncultivated viruses. This resource underscores the value of genome-centric approaches for revealing genomic properties of uncultivated microorganisms that affect ecosystem processes

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgery for indeterminate thyroid nodules (THYCOVID): a retrospective, international, multicentre, cross-sectional study

Background Since its outbreak in early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has diverted resources from non-urgent and elective procedures, leading to diagnosis and treatment delays, with an increased number of neoplasms at advanced stages worldwide. The aims of this study were to quantify the reduction in surgical activity for indeterminate thyroid nodules during the COVID-19 pandemic; and to evaluate whether delays in surgery led to an increased occurrence of aggressive tumours.Methods In this retrospective, international, cross-sectional study, centres were invited to participate in June 22, 2022; each centre joining the study was asked to provide data from medical records on all surgical thyroidectomies consecutively performed from Jan 1, 2019, to Dec 31, 2021. Patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules were divided into three groups according to when they underwent surgery: from Jan 1, 2019, to Feb 29, 2020 (global prepandemic phase), from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021 (pandemic escalation phase), and from June 1 to Dec 31, 2021 (pandemic decrease phase). The main outcomes were, for each phase, the number of surgeries for indeterminate thyroid nodules, and in patients with a postoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancers, the occurrence of tumours larger than 10 mm, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastases, vascular invasion, distant metastases, and tumours at high risk of structural disease recurrence. Univariate analysis was used to compare the probability of aggressive thyroid features between the first and third study phases. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05178186.Findings Data from 157 centres (n=49 countries) on 87 467 patients who underwent surgery for benign and malignant thyroid disease were collected, of whom 22 974 patients (18 052 [78 center dot 6%] female patients and 4922 [21 center dot 4%] male patients) received surgery for indeterminate thyroid nodules. We observed a significant reduction in surgery for indeterminate thyroid nodules during the pandemic escalation phase (median monthly surgeries per centre, 1 center dot 4 [IQR 0 center dot 6-3 center dot 4]) compared with the prepandemic phase (2 center dot 0 [0 center dot 9-3 center dot 7]; p<0 center dot 0001) and pandemic decrease phase (2 center dot 3 [1 center dot 0-5 center dot 0]; p<0 center dot 0001). Compared with the prepandemic phase, in the pandemic decrease phase we observed an increased occurrence of thyroid tumours larger than 10 mm (2554 [69 center dot 0%] of 3704 vs 1515 [71 center dot 5%] of 2119; OR 1 center dot 1 [95% CI 1 center dot 0-1 center dot 3]; p=0 center dot 042), lymph node metastases (343 [9 center dot 3%] vs 264 [12 center dot 5%]; OR 1 center dot 4 [1 center dot 2-1 center dot 7]; p=0 center dot 0001), and tumours at high risk of structural disease recurrence (203 [5 center dot 7%] of 3584 vs 155 [7 center dot 7%] of 2006; OR 1 center dot 4 [1 center dot 1-1 center dot 7]; p=0 center dot 0039).Interpretation Our study suggests that the reduction in surgical activity for indeterminate thyroid nodules during the COVID-19 pandemic period could have led to an increased occurrence of aggressive thyroid tumours. However, other compelling hypotheses, including increased selection of patients with aggressive malignancies during this period, should be considered. We suggest that surgery for indeterminate thyroid nodules should no longer be postponed even in future instances of pandemic escalation.Funding None.Copyright (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved