Modelación matemática para la ayuda a la decisión del sector lechero del município de Silvânia: um modelo en desarrollo.

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Cooperação técnica brasileira em regiões com escassez de água para beber e produção de alimentos.

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Platelet Activating Factor Blocks Interkinetic Nuclear Migration in Retinal Progenitors through an Arrest of the Cell Cycle at the S/G2 Transition

Nuclear migration is regulated by the LIS1 protein, which is the regulatory subunit of platelet activating factor (PAF) acetyl-hydrolase, an enzyme complex that inactivates the lipid mediator PAF. Among other functions, PAF modulates cell proliferation, but its effects upon mechanisms of the cell cycle are unknown. Here we show that PAF inhibited interkinetic nuclear migration (IKNM) in retinal proliferating progenitors. The lipid did not, however, affect the velocity of nuclear migration in cells that escaped IKNM blockade. The effect depended on the PAF receptor, Erk and p38 pathways and Chk1. PAF induced no cell death, nor a reduction in nucleotide incorporation, which rules out an intra-S checkpoint. Notwithstanding, the expected increase in cyclin B1 content during G2-phase was prevented in the proliferating cells. We conclude that PAF blocks interkinetic nuclear migration in retinal progenitor cells through an unusual arrest of the cell cycle at the transition from S to G2 phases. These data suggest the operation, in the developing retina, of a checkpoint that monitors the transition from S to G2 phases of the cell cycle

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

Contribuição para a interpretação dos levantamentos de solos.

Solos conceituação; Pefil do Solo; Caracterização Morfológica dos Solos; Profundidade, espessura e distribuição dos horizontes; Transição entre os horizontes; Cor; Textura; Estrutura; Porosidade; Cerosidade; Consistência; Caracterização analítica dos solos; Classificação dos solos; Classificação popular; Classificação brasileira; Características diferenciais entre a principais classes de solos da região dos cerrados; Classes e abreviaturas dos principais solos da região dos cerrados; Mapeamento.bitstream/item/99125/1/bolpd-06.pdf2. ed

Contribuicao para a interpretacao dos levantamentos de solos.

Os levantamentos de solos tem sido de grande utilidade para os pesquisadores, tecnicos, extensionistas e agricultores, de maneira geral, tanto na selecao de areas para experimentacao, como para a extrapolacao de resultados de pesquisa, para a orientacao na aplicacao de fertilizantes e para a aquisicao de terra. Mas, para o seu bom aproveitamento, e necessarios que os usuarios dos relatorios e mapas de levantamentos de solos tenham compreensao suficientes da terminologia usada nos textos e do significado das caracteristicas morfologicas e das analises fisicas e quimicas constantes dos mesmos. De maneira geral, essas definicoes encontram-se em livros de textos sobre solos nem sempre disponiveis aos usuarios. Em vista disso procurou-se colocar, num texto relativamente compacto, algumas conceituacoes que possam ser de utilidade aos que, no curso de suas atividades, precisam utilizar mapas e relatorios de levantamentos de solos.bitstream/item/114939/1/bolpd-06.pd

Banco de dados georeferenciados como suporte ao desenvolvimento municipal: aplicação ao Municipio de Silvania - GO.

O planejamento do desenvolvimento municipal envolve diversos setores da sociedade e necessita de instrumentos que agilizem ações de divulgação técnologica e organizacional. Dados que possuem uma correspondência geográfica apresentam-se como uma interface que facilita a comunicação entre aqueles setores, que poderão controlar a informação relativa a uma localidade particular. Este principio tem orientado a organização de um banco de dados georeferenciados para o municipio de Silvania - GO, no ambito de um projeto de suporte ao desenvolvimento baseado na agricultura familiar. Utilizando-se dos softwares MAPINFO e Foxpro, o banco de dados contém bases cartográficas e tabulares sobre solos, propriedades rurais, topográfia, rede viária municipal, rede hidrográfica, escolas rurais e do setor urbano. O sistema permite consultas uni ou multitemáticas, segundo as necessidades especificas dos usuários, implantando na Central das Associações dos Pequenos Agricultores, na Prefeitura Municipal, na agência local do Banco Nacional da Agricultura Familiar - BNAF e na EMBRAPA, começa a constituir-se num instrumento importante de interação entre os vários agentes envolvidos nas ações do planejamento municipal.Agrosoft 97