Diagonal Representation for a Generic Matrix Valued Quantum Hamiltonian

A general method to derive the diagonal representation for a generic matrix valued quantum Hamiltonian is proposed. In this approach new mathematical objects like non-commuting operators evolving with the Planck constant promoted as a running variable are introduced. This method leads to a formal compact expression for the diagonal Hamiltonian which can be expanded in a power series of the Planck constant. In particular, we provide an explicit expression for the diagonal representation of a generic Hamiltonian to the second order in the Planck constant. This last result is applied, as a physical illustration, to Dirac electrons and neutrinos in external fields.Comment: Significant revision, typos corrected and references adde

Electron microscope observations on electrolytic Ni-Mo-Fe coatings

Selected Ni-Mo-Fe coatings were electrodeposited from ammoniacal citrate baths by varying the plating parameters. Their surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy for topography and SE imaging. Observed electrocatalytic, corrosion and optical properties of the coatings were found to be dependent on surface structure. The results were also used to understand the influence of electrodeposition variables. The plating diameters were found to have strong influence on the surface structure. Increases in deposition CD resulted in phase segregation in these materials. Also it was confirmed that increases in molybdenum content of the plating bath introduced heterogeneity in the plated samples with occurrence of more than one phase. Multinucleation in crystal structure was observed in samples electrodeposited at near neutral pH levels, again due to increased molybdenum content. The coatings reveal network formation at 300 deg. C. Inclusion of Mn was helpful in obtaining homogeneous deposit

Influence of plating variables on the electrocatalytic behavior of Ni-Mn electrocoated cathodes for alkaline water electrolysis

The electrocatalytic properties of Ni-Mn codeposits as a function of plating parameters is studied in detail. Higher current densities, moderate temperature and baths of neutral pH yield good electrocatalyst