Evaluation Of Lymphatic Compensation By Lymphoscintigraphy In The Postoperative Period Of Breast Cancer Surgery With Axillary Dissection [avaliação Das Compensações Linfáticas No Pós-operatório De Câncer De Mama Com Dissecção Axilar Através Da Linfocintilografia]

The lymphatic system is a component of the human body that is closely related to the venous system. However, scientific knowledge of this system is limited. The etiology and risk factors for the development of postoperative lymphedema in patients with breast cancer seem to bemultifactorial and have not been fully understood yet. The objective of this review of the literature was to describe lymphoscintigraphic pattern and to evaluate upper limb lymphatic compensation following breast cancer surgery with axillary dissection. Copyright© 2008 by Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular.74370375Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA) [site na Internet]. Brasil, Ministério da Saúde2007. [citado, , http://www.inca.gov.br, 30 dez 2007, Disponível emSoran, A., D'Angelo, G., Begovic, M., Breast cancer-related lymphedema: What are the significant predictors and how they affect the severity of lymphedema? 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Glutathione S-transferase Pi expression in invasive breast cancer and its relation with the clinical outcome

a glutationa S-transferase (GST) é um sistema enzimático localizado no citosol celular e é responsável pela eliminação de toxinas. Estudos realizados in vitro mostraram que a presença deste sistema nas células do carcinoma de mama pode promover a eliminação do quimioterápico, levando assim à diminuição da eficácia desta modalidade terapêutica em mulheres com carcinoma de mama que expressam tal sistema enzimático em suas células. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a expressão da enzima GST Pi em células tumorais e a sobrevida global e livre de doença em mulheres com carcinoma de mama submetidas ao tratamento quimioterápico172259264Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a cytosolic enzymatic system involved in cellular detoxifying process. In vitro studies have shown that the presence of this enzymatic system in breast carcinoma cells can accelerate the elimination of drugs commonly used in chemotherapy, thereby decreasing its efficacy The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between GST Pi expression by breast carcinoma cells and disease-free and overall survival. Methods: Ninety-five female patients with invasive breast carcinoma submitted to surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy from January 1995 to June, 1997 and followed until August, 2006 were evaluated. The expression of GST Pi in breast carcinoma cells, determined by immunohistochemistry, was correlated with several clinical and pathological parameters of prognostic significance. Results: There were 36 (37.9%) GST Pi-positive cases. GST Pi immunoexpression was not significantly correlated with patient's age, histological tumor type, clinical stage, hormone receptor status and survival. On the other hand, GST Pi positivity showed a significant correlation with a lower histological grade/C-erb-B2 negative breast carcinoma phenotype. Conclusion: The findings suggest that GST Pi expression does not constitute a satisfactory prognostic factor in breast cance