Tribological behavior and vibration effect on the friction coefficient and temperature of glass fiber composite

The extents of contact coefficient are diverse for various material sets relying upon typical load and sliding speed. In the present research, grating coefficients and wear of glass fiber (GF) composite circles sliding against aluminum stick under vibration are explored and the outcomes were contrasted with a similar condition which is not in under vibration. So as to play out the tests, a stick on circle mechanical assembly is utilized. Tests are completed when aluminum stick slides on glass fiber (GF) plates of various organizations, for example, polyamide 6 (PA6), 20% GF and 15% GF. Examinations are led at ordinary load 2.5, 3.75 and 5N, sliding speed 0.5, 0.75 and 1 m/s. Varieties of erosion coefficient with the length of rubbing at diverse typical loads and sliding speeds are explored under vibration (vertical vibration). As a rule, contact coefficient expanded for a specific length of rubbing yet after that it stay steady for whatever remains of the test time. The trial result uncovers that contact coefficient diminished with the expansion in ordinary load for all the tried plates at steady speed and spring solidness. Then again, it is additionally found that grating coefficient diminished with the expansion in sliding speed however wear rate increments. Besides, both the friction coefficient and wear rate expanded with the expansion in spring firmness at consistent typical load and sliding speed for all sliding pairs. The contact coefficient is observed to be to some degree littler under vibration contrasted with that of vibration less condition.

Group analysis for natural convection from a vertical plate

AbstractThe steady laminar natural convection of a fluid having chemical reaction of order n past a semi-infinite vertical plate is considered. The solution of the problem by means of one-parameter group method reduces the number of independent variables by one leading to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Two different similarity transformations are found. In each case the set of differential equations are solved numerically using Runge–Kutta and the shooting method. For each transformation different Schmidt numbers and chemical reaction orders are tested

Production and Properties Characterization of Mixed Biodiesel Oil

It is discussed about the biodiesel in this study appeared as an alternative fuel due to its renewable and biodegradability characteristics.Some experiments tests have been carried out to produce the coconut oil diesel, evaluate the properties and performance of mixed biodiesel oils. All the fuels will be mixed with pure diesel according to percentage such as 5% of biodiesel, 10% of biodiesel, 20% of biodiesel and 30% of biodiesel. For the production of the biodiesel, transesterification process was used to convert pure coconut oil to coconut oil diesel. For the properties of the biodiesels, parameters that involved in this study are such as density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, calorific value and acid value. The engine speed was as starting with 1200rpm to 2200 rpm in 75% load condition and 100% load condition. Analysis for the results and discussions also has been done in this study. Density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and acid value of the mixed biodiesel is directly proportional to the percentage of the biodiesel blended. On the other side, the calorific value of the mixed biodiesel is inversely proportional to the percentage of the biodiesel blended

Property development of fatty acid methyl ester from waste coconut oil as engine fuel

The properties, performance, and exhaust emissions of a four-cylinder indirect injection diesel engine fueled by FAME from waste coconut oil was evaluated in this study. Polymerization and carbon deposits on fuel-injector nozzles were also monitored. Ordinary diesel (OD) oil was used as a benchmark for comparison purposes. Tests included measuring high heating value, kinematic viscosity, specific density, cetane index, pour point, flash point, and Conradson carbon residue. Results showed that, the high calorific value decreased with increased coconut oil in coconut-oil blends. On average, the calorific value of all coconut-oil blends were about 6% lower than that of OD fuel. Density increased with increased coconut oil in coconut-oil blends because of the higher amount of carbon atoms in coconut-oil molecules. As a result, viscosity also increased with increased coconut oil in blends. Other properties of blended fuels varied according to their physicochemical properties. Results also showed that the brake power output of engine increased by about 5% when fueled by 30% coconut-oil-blended fuel. The average specific fuel consumption of coconut-oil-blended fuels increased by 7–10% compared with OD oil. The exhaust emissions of blended fuel were found to be much cleaner, containing less CO, HC, NOx, and smoke and benzene concentration. The coconut-oil-blended fuel also produced low particulate emission and carbon deposit on injector nozzles. For each coconut-oil-blended fuel, the engine did not have any starting difficulty and combustion noise at >25°C. The coconut-oil-based fuel also did not pose a severe environmental threat because of its low sulfur content