29 research outputs found

    Transition from Townsend to glow discharge: subcritical, mixed or supercritical

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    The full parameter space of the transition from Townsend to glow discharge is investigated numerically in one space dimension in the classical model: with electrons and positive ions drifting in the local electric field, impact ionization by electrons (α\alpha process), secondary electron emission from the cathode (γ\gamma process) and space charge effects. We also perform a systematic analytical small current expansion about the Townsend limit up to third order in the total current that fits our numerical data very well. Depending on γ\gamma and system size pd, the transition from Townsend to glow discharge can show the textbook subcritical behavior, but for smaller values of pd, we also find supercritical or some intermediate ``mixed'' behavior. The analysis in particular lays the basis for understanding the complex spatio-temporal patterns in planar barrier discharge systems.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

    Mechanische eigenschappen van metalen

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    Delft University of Technolog

    Die brennspannung eines niedervoltbogens

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    The mobility of electrons in neon

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    corecore