New extended generalized Kudryashov method for solving three nonlinear partial differential equations

New extended generalized Kudryashov method is proposed in this paper for the first time. Many solitons and other solutions of three nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), namely, the (1+1)-dimensional improved perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation with anti-cubic nonlinearity, the (2+1)-dimensional Davey–Sterwatson (DS) equation and the (3+1)-dimensional modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov (mZK) equation of ion-acoustic waves in a magnetized plasma have been presented. Comparing our new results with the well-known results are given. Our results in this article emphasize that the used method gives a vast applicability for handling other nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics

Investigation of naproxen drug using mass spectrometry, thermal analyses and semi-empirical molecular orbital calculation

AbstractNaproxen (C14H14O3) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is important to investigate its structure to know the active groups and weak bonds responsible for medical activity. In the present study, naproxen was investigated by mass spectrometry (MS), thermal analysis (TA) measurements (TG/DTG and DTA) and confirmed by semi empirical molecular orbital (MO) calculation, using PM3 procedure. These calculations included, bond length, bond order, bond strain, partial charge distribution, ionization energy and heat of formation (ΔHf). The mass spectra and thermal analysis fragmentation pathways were proposed and compared to select the most suitable scheme representing the correct fragmentation pathway of the drug in both techniques. The PM3 procedure reveals that the primary cleavage site of the charged molecule is the rupture of the COOH group (lowest bond order and high strain) which followed by CH3 loss of the methoxy group. Thermal analysis of the neutral drug reveals a high response to the temperature variation with very fast rate. It decomposed in several sequential steps in the temperature range 80–400°C. These mass losses appear as two endothermic and one exothermic peaks which required energy values of 255.42, 10.67 and 371.49Jg−1 respectively. The initial thermal ruptures are similar to that obtained by mass spectral fragmentation (COOH rupture). It was followed by the loss of the methyl group and finally by ethylene loss. Therefore, comparison between MS and TA helps in selection of the proper pathway representing its fragmentation. This comparison is successfully confirmed by MO-calculation

IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON PERFORMANCE GROWTH OF DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Bartomouda)

A green house experiment was carried out in two successive seasons on date Palm plantlets (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Bartomouda) from 2012 to 2013, to evaluated the effectiveness of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer at four treatments as (T2) 5 g/l ammonium sulfate 20 % (1 g nitrogen), (T3) 3 g/l potassium nitrate 33% (1 g nitrogen) and (T4) 2 g/l urea (46%) with the irrigation water one time/ week.The design of the experiment was randomized complete with three replicates. The results revealed that, plant height cm, leaves numbers, root length cm and numbers, and fresh and dry weights of leaves and roots were increasing highly significantly with 3 g/l of potassium nitrate graduated by 2 g/l urea and 5 g/l ammonium sulfate respectively at both seasons. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents showed significant rising with 3 g/l potassium nitrate. Greatest significant contents of indole and proline were obtained under T3 for two seasons. Leaves nitrogen content N was increased by 2 g/l urea in the two seasons; on the other hand, root nitrogen content was increased with treatment 3 g/l potassium nitrate, sequenced by T2 and T4 treatments. Leaves and roots phosphorus P content significantly raising under 3g/l potassium nitrate and 5 g/l ammonium sulfate for two seasons. In the presence of 5 g/l ammonium sulfate and 3 g/l potassium nitrate leaves and root potassium content K were largest at two seasons respectively. This research shows that the nitrogen formula as potassium nitrate > ammonium sulfate > urea were recommended to highly increasing growth of date palm plantlets in the green house

On the dynamics of the nonlinear rational difference equation xn+1 = Axn + Bxn−k + Cxn−l + bxn−k/dxn−k − exn−l

In this article, we study the periodicity, the boundedness and the global stability of the positive solutions of the following nonlinear difference equation xn+1=Axn+Bxn-k+Cxn-l+bxn-kdxn-k-exn-l,n=0,1,2,… where the coefficients A,B,C,b,d,e∈(0,∞), while k and l are positive integers. The initial conditions x-l,…,x-k,…,x-1,x0 are arbitrary positive real numbers such that k<l. Some numerical examples will be given to illustrate our results

Impaired activity of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase of heart mitochondria in chronic renal failure: Role of secondary hyperparathyroidism

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with impaired oxidation of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) by heart mitochondria, and previous data indicated that this derangement is due to the state of secondary hyperparathyroidism of CRF. A reduction in the utilization of α-KG by heart mitochondria implies that the activity of mitochondrial α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH) is impaired; however, direct evidence for such an abnormality is not available. We examined the V(max) and the K(m) of α-KGHD of heart mitochondria obtained from normal rats, CRF animals and normocalcemic parathyroidectomized (PTX) CRF rats. Our data showed that CRF has no effect on the K(m) of α-KGDH for α-KG. However, V(max) of the enzyme was significantly (p < 0.01) reduced and this abnormality was prevented by PTX of CRF rats. Our results provide the evidence that the impaired utilization of α-KG by myocardial mitochondria of CRF rats is due to reduced V(max) of α-KGDH and that both derangements are mediated by excess PTH or a metabolic consequence of the secondary hyperparathyroidism of CRF