Indicative Approach to Assessing the Potential for Capacity Growth in Branches of the Nonresource Sector of the Region

The paper considers the problem of capacity growth of the economic system in the region due to accumulated or gross value added. The gross value added, as an indicator of the economic development of territories, is represented by the following sources of development: the salary fund for supporting labour potential, depreciation and profit, as means of ensuring reproduction in business. Assessing the region’s capacity potential is also carried out from the perspective of the potential of available resources accumulated by gross value added, with their subsequent transformation into the stock and labour capacity. Along with that, gross value added appears in two aspects: as a potential for resource development and as an economic effect of the subjects’ activities in the region, it allows using an indicative approach to modelling situations and making management decisions for its growth at various levels – from business to industry within macro-districts and municipalities. There is a logical chain of indicators, that moves from the investment potential formed and used to support resources to the results of using it in the form of GVA and capacity. The Krasnoyarsk Krai, consisting of 6 macrodistricts and 58 territories, is an object of the research. The subject of the research was the development of production systems in the territories with access to metrics assessing the transformation quality and efficiency. Their indicative form allows classifying territories and macro-districts by their use of available resources. In general, the research is analytical and is aimed at developing the regional policy to improve the technological structure of the economy, giving it greater stability in changing markets

9-(2′,5′-Dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)fluorene in syntheses of fluorospirodihydrofuropyridine and pyridofluoranthene

1,2,5-Trimethyl-4-(9′-fluorenylidene)piperidine, which is formed by condensation of fluorene with 1,2,5-trimethyl-4-piperidone, is converted catalytically to 9(2′,5′-dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)fluorene, from which 2-methylpyrido[4,5-a]fluoranthene and its demethylated analog were obtained by catalytic dehydrocyclization. Oxidation of 9-(2′,5′-dimethy1-4′-pyridyl)fluorene gave 9-(2′,5′-dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)9-fluorenol and fluorene-9-spiro-4′-(6′-oxo-2′-carboxypyrido[4′,5′-c]-4′-6′-dihydrofuran). 6-Methyl-2-phenyl-7-(9′-fluorenyl)indolizine was synthesized by the Chichibabin method. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Erratum: The oil-bearing strata of permian deposits of the Ashal'cha oil field depending on the content, composition, and thermal effects of organic matter oxidation in the rocks (Geofluids (2020) 2020 (6304547) DOI: 10.1155/2020/6304547)

© 2020 Hindawi Limited. All rights reserved. In the article titled “The Oil-Bearing Strata of Permian Deposits of the Ashal’cha Oil Field Depending on the Content, Composition, and Thermal Effects of Organic Matter Oxidation in the Rocks” [1], the first author, Galina P. Kayukova, and corresponding author, Dr. Alexey V. Vakhin, requested to remove the second affiliation, “Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia,” for the first author Galina P. Kayukova

9-(2′,5′-Dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)fluorene in syntheses of fluorospirodihydrofuropyridine and pyridofluoranthene

1,2,5-Trimethyl-4-(9′-fluorenylidene)piperidine, which is formed by condensation of fluorene with 1,2,5-trimethyl-4-piperidone, is converted catalytically to 9(2′,5′-dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)fluorene, from which 2-methylpyrido[4,5-a]fluoranthene and its demethylated analog were obtained by catalytic dehydrocyclization. Oxidation of 9-(2′,5′-dimethy1-4′-pyridyl)fluorene gave 9-(2′,5′-dimethyl-4′-pyridyl)9-fluorenol and fluorene-9-spiro-4′-(6′-oxo-2′-carboxypyrido[4′,5′-c]-4′-6′-dihydrofuran). 6-Methyl-2-phenyl-7-(9′-fluorenyl)indolizine was synthesized by the Chichibabin method. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation

The Oil-Bearing Strata of Permian Deposits of the Ashal'cha Oil Field Depending on the Content, Composition, and Thermal Effects of Organic Matter Oxidation in the Rocks

© 2020 Galina P. Kayukova et al. The features of the oil-bearing capacity of the productive strata of Permian deposits in the interval of 117.5-188.6 m along the section of individual wells of the Ashal'cha field of heavy superviscous oil (Tatarstan) were revealed depending on the content, composition, and thermal effects of organic matter (OM) oxidation in the rocks. It is shown that the rocks are very heterogeneous in their mineral composition and in the content of both free hydrocarbons by extraction with organic solvents and insoluble OM closely associated with the rock. The total content of OM in rocks varies from 1.72 to 9.12%. The features of group and hydrocarbon composition of extracts from rocks are revealed depending on their mineral composition and the content of organic matter in them. According to the molecular mass distribution of alkanes of normal and isoprenoid structure, extracts from rocks are differentiated according to three chemical types of oil: type A1, in which n-alkanes of composition C14 and above are present, and types A2 and B2, in which n-alkanes are destroyed to varying degrees by processes microbial destruction, which indicates a different intensity of biochemical processes in productive strata of Permian sediments. These processes lead to a decrease in the amount of OM in the rocks and an increase in the content of resins and asphaltenes in the oil extracted from them, as well as an increase in the viscosity of the oil. Using the method of differential scanning calorimetry of high pressure, it was found that the studied rock samples differ from each other in quantitative characteristics of exothermic effects in both low-temperature (LTO) 200-350°С and high-temperature (HTO) 350-600°С zones of OM oxidation. The total thermal effect of destruction processes of OM depends on the content of OM in the rocks and its composition. The research results show that when heavy oil is extracted using thermal technologies, the Permian productive strata with both low and high OM contents will be involved in the development, and the general thermal effect of the oxidation of which will contribute to increased oil recovery

9-Alkylideneazafluorenes

A number of tertiary aza-9-fluorenols were obtained from 4- and 2-azafluofenones and were subjected to dehydration in order to synthesize the previously unknown 9-methyleneazafluorenes. The corresponding 9-methyleneazafluorenes and their polymers were obtained simultaneously in relatively stable form from both pyridine-ring-substituted and -unsubstituted 4-aza-9-fluorenols and from 1,3-diphenyl-2-aza-9-fluorenol. On the basis of an analysis of the mass spectrum of the polymer obtained from 9-methylene-4-azafluorene it was concluded that it is evidently isolated in the form of two dimers - dispiro [bis (4-aza-9-fluorene)-1, 3-cyclobutane] and the analogous product of dispiro addition with a 1,2-substituted cyclobutane ring. Condensation of the corresponding azafluorenes with benzaldehyde gave their 9-benzylidene derivatives in the form of geometrical isomers, the structures of which were established on the basis of the PMR spectra. © 1979 Plenum Publishing Corporation