Growth response and nutrient uptake of blue pine (Pinus wallichiana) seedlings inoculated with rhizosphere microorganisms under temperate nursery conditions

Microbial inoculants (Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens,Laccaria laccata) inoculated either individually or in combinationsignificantly improved the growth and biomass of blue pine seedlings. The ECM fungus Laccaria laccata, when inoculated individually, showed significantly higher plant growth, followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum. The combined inoculation of rhizosphere microorganisms showed synergistic growth promoting action and proved superior in enhancing the growth of blue pine than individual inoculation. Co-inoculation of L. laccata with P. fluorescens resulted in higher ectomycorrhizal root colonization. Uptake of nutrients (N, P, K) was significantly improved by microbial inoculants, tested individually or in combination. Combined inoculation of L. laccata with T. harzianum and P. fluorescens significantly increased in N, P and K contents in blue pine seedlings as compared to control. Acid phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of blue pine seedlings was also enhanced by these microorganisms. L. laccata exhibited higher acid phosphatase activity followed by P. fluorescens

Penetrating tracheal injuries – A Kashmir experience

Background: The increased incidence of tracheal injuries encountered during war like situation in the valley of Kashmir has prompted us to conduct this study.Method: The study was conducted retrospectively on 29 patients managed in the past in our hospital and 7 patients were managed after the study was undertaken. After recording the observations made in managing the patients of penetrating tracheal trauma, the results were analyzed and entered in the individual patients’ protocol.Results: There was a predominance of males with a male to female sex ratio of 5: 1. The majority (69% had fire arms trauma. Hissing wounds, respiratory distress and haemoptysis were the commonest presenting complaints. There were 4 deaths. Complications were observed in 16 (50%) of the 36 patients who survived and included hoarseness in 6 and tracheal stenosis in 5 cases.Conclusion: It was concluded that earliest possible diagnosis followed by securing ofairway and prompt repair is the mainstay of management of penetrating tracheal injuries

Endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke: experience in South Australia

Laura I. Rudaks, Idin Ahangar, Elizabeth R. Dodd, Austin G. Milton, Monica A. Hamilton-Bruce, Jim Jannes, Simon A. Kobla

Penetrating Tracheal Injuries – A Kashmir Experience

Background: The increased incidence of tracheal injuries encountered during war like situation in the valley of Kashmir has prompted us to conduct this study. Method: The study was conducted retrospectively on 29 patients managed in the past in our hospital and 7 patients were managed after the study was undertaken. After recording the observations made in managing the patients of penetrating tracheal trauma, the results were analyzed and entered in the individual patients’ protocol. Results: There was a predominance of males with a male to female sex ratio of 5: 1. The majority (69% had fire arms trauma. Hissing wounds, respiratory distress and haemoptysis were the commonest presenting complaints. There were 4 deaths. Complications were observed in 16 (50%) of the 36 patients who survived and included hoarseness in 6 and tracheal stenosis in 5 cases. Conclusion: It was concluded that earliest possible diagnosis followed by securing of airway and prompt repair is the mainstay of management of penetrating tracheal injuries

Posterolateral thoracotomy complicating paraplegia

Paraplegia complicating thoracotomy has been reported in literature in mid forties. However in sufficient data are available about the incidence of such a catastrophic complication. In the present study five cases of paraplegia following thoracotomy are presented. Pneumonectomy, lobectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma decortication for tubercular empyemas and thoracotomy for ductus ligation constituted one, one, two and one patient respectively. Two patients died in post operative period, two died in follow up and one patient is still on follow for the last twelve years.Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery SKIMS, Soura, Srinaga