Data science in translational vision science and technology

What is Data Science? Data science involves the use of a variety of quantitative methods (e.g. mathematics, statistics, computer science) to extract useful information from structured and unstructured data.1 Typically, data scientists undertake exploratory data analysis by deploying machine learning principles and algorithms to identify patterns in rawdata with the purpose of understanding processes and predicting outcomes. These analytic approaches include predictive causal analytics, prescriptive analytics, and machine learning for pattern discovery and outcome prediction, and they require a large volume and variety of data (i.e. structured as well as unstructured data)

Obtenção de adultos e aspectos biológicos da broca-do-mamoeiro, Pseudopiazurus obesus (GOHEMAN, 1838) (Coleoptera: Curculionidade).

bitstream/CPATC/19910/1/bp-32.pd

Atratividade dos compostos feromonais na captura da broca-do-mamoeiro Pseudopiazurus obesus (Boheman, 1838) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) em condições de campo.

bitstream/CPATC/19909/1/bp-31.pd

Comportamento de chamamento de Thelosia camina Schaus (Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae).

Resumo

Nanoestruturas de carbono (nanotubos, grafeno): Quo Vadis?

We describe general considerations about the present and the future standing of carbon nanostructures, mainly carbon nanotubes and graphene. Basic concepts and definitions, select structure/property relationships, and potential applications are reviewed. The analysis of the global market for these nanostructures, the commercial products available currently, the role of the chemistry, the main challenges remaining and a brief view of the field in Brazil are also presented and discussed

Lithium intercalation in nanostructured thin films of a mixed-valence layered vanadium oxide using an ionic liquid electrolyte

AbstractNanostructured thin films of a mixed-valence, layered vanadium oxide were prepared using layer-by-layer deposition. The thin films were characterized by electronic (UV–vis) spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance, profilometry and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The highest charge capacity was obtained for films that consisted of 25 bilayers. The electrochemical characterization of the films was performed in conventional organic solvent and ionic liquid (IL) based electrolytes. The results revealed better performance, in terms of stability during consecutive charge/discharge cycles, when ILs were employed. This can be attributed to several factors, including reduced mechanical stress caused by insertion of more than 1 mol of Li+ per mol of V5+ in the film structure, decrease of crystallinity in the electrode material during the first few charge/discharge cycles and/or formation of a more compatible SEI. Nanostructured thin films of layered vanadium oxide prepared using layer-by-layer deposition showed potential for applications in lithium microbatteries

A Química na agricultura: perspectivas para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sustentáveis

Food production and preservation of the environment are among the challenges faced by contemporary society. In Brazil, as in most parts of the world, the possibility of increasing the agricultural area is limited by several factors. Thus, an increase in productivity through the application of innovative technologies is regarded as the best solution to overcome such a problem. For long, chemistry has contributed to agricultural innovations such as synthetic pesticides for pest management. However, due to the well-known adverse effects of these compounds, new "greener" strategies are being explored. Research in chemical ecology, in combination with other emerging sciences, is leading to the development of new technologies such as plant-based pesticides (biopesticides); synthetic pheromones and plant volatile organic compounds, both of them to manipulate insect behavior; chemical elicitors to boost plant resistance; and genetic engineering of plant varieties. In these, chemistry plays an important role in the identification and synthesis of functional compounds. These techniques may be incorporated in integrated pest management programs and may contribute to a sustainable agriculture in the future

Male-Produced Sex Pheromone of the Carrion Beetles, Oxelytrum discicolle and its Attraction to Food Sources

Abstract Carrion beetles are part of the great diversity of insects collected on cadavers. In Brazil, beetles of the genus Oxelytrum have great forensic importance in post mortem interval (PMI) estimation. We investigated the system of chemical communication in the attraction of these necrophagous beetles. Gas chromatographic analysis (GC) of female and male aeration extracts revealed the presence of two male-specific compounds, produced in a ratio of 94:6. Bioassays showed that the combination of male produced volatiles and the odor of a food source (carcass volatiles) were attractive to females. Mass and infrared spectral analyses of the male-specific compounds suggested that they were both unsaturated hydrocarbons. Several microderivatizations were carried out with the natural products, and the target structures were identified as (Z)-1,8-heptadecadiene (major) and 1-heptadecene (minor). The structure of the minor component was assigned by co-injection with a commercial standard. A seven-step synthesis was developed to synthesize (Z)-1,8-heptadiene, which co-eluted with the major natural product on three different GC stationary phases. Y-tube olfactometer assays showed that the mixture of synthetic standards in the naturally occurring proportion was slightly attractive to females. The results contribute both to the understanding of the chemical ecology of O. discicolle and to its potential to improve the accuracy of PMI estimation