Novel Substituent Orientation in Reimer-Tiemann Reactions of Pyrrole-2-carboxylates

Reimer-Tiemann formylation reactions (base/CHCl3) on 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxylates (1, 6, 8, 9, 11, and 13) afford 2-formylpyrroles (5, 7, 10, 12, and 14) in which the formyl group is situated in the position originally occupied by the carboxylate function, and not, as had been expected, in the 5-unsubstituted site. These observations are confirmed by X-ray crystal structures of compounds 5, 7, and 10 and by nuclear Overhauser enhancement experiments for pyrroles 7, 10, and 14. © 1985, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved

Progress on new vaccine strategies for the immunotherapy and prevention of cancer

In recent years, great strides in understanding and regulating the immune system have led to new hope for harnessing its exquisite specificity to destroy cancer cells without affecting normal tissues. This review examines the fundamental immunologic advances and the novel vaccine strategies arising from these advances, as well as the early clinical trials studying new approaches to treat or prevent cancer