Neuroendoscopic lavage for intraventricular hemorrhage in a preterm neonate: a case report

Intraventricular hemorrhage is a common bleeding complication among preterm infants; however, there is still no treatment of choice. We present the case of a 31-week-old preterm newborn male patient with a history ofbilateral pneumothorax who was diagnosed with hydrocephalus at 12 days of age with subsequent etiological confirmation of grade IV intraventricular hemorrhage by cerebral ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.It was decided to treat post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus surgically by means of neuroendoscopic lavage with ventriculocisternostomy of the third ventricle and choroid plexus coagulation. The patient did not present the need for subsequent interventions or postoperative complications. Neuroendoscopy has emerged as a new technique for the definitive treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants; however, it has not yet been standardized. The present case reports the successful treatment of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in a premature neonate bymeans of neuroendoscopic lavage.La hemorragia intraventricular es una complicación de sangrado común entre los neonatos pretérmino; sin embargo, no existe aún un tratamiento de elección. Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón neonato pretérmino de 31semanas con antecedente de neumotórax bilateral que a los 12 días de nacido es diagnosticado de hidrocefalia conposterior confirmación etiológica de hemorragia intraventricular de grado IV por ecografía y resonancia magnética cerebral. Se decidió tratar la hidrocefalia post-hemorrágica quirúrgicamente mediante lavado neuroendoscópico con ventriculocisternostomía del tercer ventrículo y coagulación de plexos coroideos. El paciente no presentó necesidad de intervenciones posteriores ni complicaciones postoperatorias. La neuroendoscopía ha surgido como una nueva técnica para el tratamiento definitivo de la hemorragia intraventricular en neonatos pretérmino; sin embargo, aún no ha sido estandarizada. El presente caso reporta el tratamiento de la hidrocefalia post-hemorrágicaen un neonato prematuro mediante lavado neuroendoscópico

Networks or structures? : organizing cultural routes around heritage values : case studies from Poland

The most common way of managing cultural heritage recently takes form of cultural routes as they seem to offer a new model of participation in culture to their recipients; they are often a peculiar anchor point for inhabitants to let them understand their identity and form the future; they offer actual tours to enter into interaction with culture and history, to build together that creation of the heritage, which so is becoming not only a touristic product, but, first of all, the space for cultural, social and civic activity. Yet, so far, according to what we know, the research problem concerning the method of cultural route organization (points on the route) into solid structures or more of the networked nature, has not been deliberated. A question arises, what values are brought by routes and how to organize routes to be the carriers of the values important for communities, where routes are functioning. And, as a consequence, if, from the point of view of the values of local communities, organizing solid route structures or organizing more widely-spaced, network-based routes would bring effects and what those effects would be. Thus, the posed question is of course scientifically imprecise because a network is a type of structure but presents a given direction for the development of cultural route structures. Our objective here is to present a certain solidity and rigidity of structure with dynamic and smooth understanding of the network. The research presented in the article is based on 3 case studies. We have selected for this purpose the three largest cultural routes in Poland, organized to various degrees. The outcome of the research was referred also to other cultural route organization research