19 research outputs found
Прогнозирование влияния прямых оральных антикоагулянтов на прямые медицинские затраты у больных фибрилляцией предсердий
Aim. To evaluate clinical-economical effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban in comparison with warfarin in atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy.Materials and Methods. Mathematical modeling (tree derivation of solutions) on a temporary 5-year horizon from the medical healthcare system perspective. Methods of clinical-economic analysis: analysis “cost-effectiveness”, “budget impact”, and “the analysis of unseized opportunities”.Results. Total direct costs (DC) were lower by 10.3% when dabigatran was used, by 5.2%, when rivaroxaban was used, and by 10.9%, when apixaban was used in comparison with warfarin. The most significant difference was observed due to different cost of therapy for bleeding complications (in the structure of the costs, it occupied 30-38%). In the group of dabigatran, DC on bleeding complications were lower than in the group of warfarin by 22.0%, in the group of rivaroxaban – by 10.9%, in the group of apixaban – by 36.8%. Besides, in the group of dabigatran, the costs associated with the treatment for ischemic stroke were lower by 28.1% The strategy of the application of DOAC in comparison with warfarin provided more adjusted life years (ALY), complications adjusted life years (CALY), and its lower cost. The application of DOAC saves significant funds. At the same time, the saved funds will provide the purchase of additional modern drugs for patients. The cost-cutting reaches 12% for 5 years and up to 33 patients out of 1000 can receive additional treatment.Conclusion. Due to the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients that received direct oral anticoagulants, the direct costs can be reduced by 28.1% and due to the prevention of bleeding complications – by 36.8% in comparison with the application of warfarin. Direct oral anticoagulants provide more adjusted life years and complications adjusted life years at a lower cost. Цель. Оценить клинико-экономическую эффективность использования прямых оральных антикоагулянтов (ПОАК) – дабигатрана, ривароксабана, апиксабана по сравнению с варфарином при лечении фибрилляции предсердий (ФП).Материалы и методы. Математическое моделирование (построение дерева решений) на временном горизонте 5 лет с перспективы системы здравоохранения. Методы клинико-экономического анализа: анализ «затраты-эффективность»; анализ «влияния на бюджет»; анализ «упущенных возможностей».Результаты. Суммарные прямые затраты (ПЗ) при использовании дабигатрана были на 10,3% меньше, при использовании ривароксабана – на 5,2% меньше; при использовании апиксабана – на 10,9% меньше по сравнению с варфарином. При этом наибольшая разница возникала вследствие различной стоимости терапии геморрагических осложнений (в структуре затрат они составляли 30–38%). В группе дабигатрана ПЗ на геморрагические осложнения была меньше группы варфарина на 22,0%, в группе ривароксабана – на 10,9%, в группе апиксабана – на 36,8%. Кроме того, в группе дабигатрана на 28,1% были меньше затраты, связанные с лечением ишемического инсульта. Стратегия применения ПОАК по сравнению с варфарином позволяет обеспечить большее количество сохраненных лет жизни (СЛЖ) и сохраненных лет жизни без осложнений (СЛЖБО) и меньшую их стоимость. Использование ПОАК позволяет сохранить значительные средства бюджета, при этом сэкономленные средства позволяют пролечить современными ЛС пациентов дополнительно. Экономия средств достигает 12% за 5 лет, при этом до 33 больных из 1000 могут быть пролечены дополнительно.Заключение. Прямые затраты в результате предупреждения тромбоэмболических осложнений при использовании прямых оральных антикоагулянтов в сравнении с варфарином могут быть снижены на 28,1%, геморрагических осложнений – на 36,8%. Прямые оральные антикоагулянты позволяют сохранить большее количество лет жизни и лет жизни без осложнений за меньшую стоимость.
Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in stable outpatients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation. International CLARIFY registry
Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up
Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period
Prognosis of the influence of direct oral anticoagulants on the direct medical expenses in patients with atrial fibrillation
Aim. To evaluate clinical-economical effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban in comparison with warfarin in atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy.Materials and Methods. Mathematical modeling (tree derivation of solutions) on a temporary 5-year horizon from the medical healthcare system perspective. Methods of clinical-economic analysis: analysis “cost-effectiveness”, “budget impact”, and “the analysis of unseized opportunities”.Results. Total direct costs (DC) were lower by 10.3% when dabigatran was used, by 5.2%, when rivaroxaban was used, and by 10.9%, when apixaban was used in comparison with warfarin. The most significant difference was observed due to different cost of therapy for bleeding complications (in the structure of the costs, it occupied 30-38%). In the group of dabigatran, DC on bleeding complications were lower than in the group of warfarin by 22.0%, in the group of rivaroxaban – by 10.9%, in the group of apixaban – by 36.8%. Besides, in the group of dabigatran, the costs associated with the treatment for ischemic stroke were lower by 28.1% The strategy of the application of DOAC in comparison with warfarin provided more adjusted life years (ALY), complications adjusted life years (CALY), and its lower cost. The application of DOAC saves significant funds. At the same time, the saved funds will provide the purchase of additional modern drugs for patients. The cost-cutting reaches 12% for 5 years and up to 33 patients out of 1000 can receive additional treatment.Conclusion. Due to the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients that received direct oral anticoagulants, the direct costs can be reduced by 28.1% and due to the prevention of bleeding complications – by 36.8% in comparison with the application of warfarin. Direct oral anticoagulants provide more adjusted life years and complications adjusted life years at a lower cost
Dissipative structures and mass transfer during the local anion activation of metals in alkali metal carbonates
High Temperature Corrosion of 12Kh18N10T Steel in Molten Lithium and Potassium Chlorides with a Cerium Trichloride Addition
Corrosion Electrochemical Behavior of Molybdenum in the LiCl–KCl Melt Containing Additives of Cerium and Neodymium Trichlorides
EFFECTS OF BETAHISTINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AS ADJUVANT TO ENALAPRIL THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE CLASS II-II (NYHA) SUFFERING FROM GIDDINESS
Aim. To study adjuvant effect of betahistine dihydrochloride to ACE inhibitors in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) class II-III suffering from giddiness.Material and methods. 61 patients with CHF class II-III, ejection fraction ≤45% (Simpson) suffering from giddiness were involved into randomized open parallel study. Patients were randomized to Betahistine dihydrochloride plus basic CHF therapy or only basic therapy groups. Enalapril dose titration was performed in all patients. Quality of life and giddiness severity evaluation, electrocardiogram was performed initially and after treatment. Clinical examination results, drug therapy and adverse event were registered at each visit.Results. The target ACE inhibitor dose (≥20 mg daily) was reached in 97 % of patients. It led to significant reduction of dyspnea, edemas, CHF class reduction and life quality increase. Significant differences between investigated groups were not found. Reduction of giddiness severity was shown in both groups. There was a trend to more prominent improvement of life quality (р=0,08) and more frequent achievement of target ACE inhibitor dose in patients treated with betahistine dihydrochloride.Conclusion. The target ACE inhibitor dose can be achieved more than in 90% of patients with CHF class II-III without hypotension symptoms. Adjuvant usage of betahistine dihydrochloride is necessary in patients with CHF still suffering from giddiness after achievement of target ACE inhibitor dose