Crystal structure of the yellow 1:2 molecular complex lumiflavin–bisnaphthalene-2,3-diol

In the first molecular complex of the physiologically active neutral form of isoalloxazine studied, lumiflavin–bisnaphthalene-2,3-diol, each flavin is sandwiched between two naphthalenediol molecules with extensive overlap but a moderately large (3·44 Å) spacing, indicating at most weak charge-transfer interaction and in agreement with the yellow colour of the complex, nearly the same as that of the parent lumiflavin

Removel of manganese from water by sorbent catalyst

У цій роботі представлено результати досліджень із застосування катіонообмінної смоли КУ-2-8, модифікованої сполуками заліза з отриманням магнетиту. Було встановлено механізм очищення води від іонів марганцю за допомогою катіонообмінної смоли КУ-2-8, модифікованої магнетитом. Показано, що модифікована магнетитом катіонообмінна смола забезпечує видалення значної частини іонів марганцю за рахунок каталітичного окислення на магнетиті. Визначено умови ефективного вилучення марганцю в статичних та динамічних умовах

Application of aluminium coagulants for the removal of sulphate from mine water

he results of treatment of solutions with high sulphates concentration and the high rate of water hardness are given. It is shown that the significant reduction of secondary pollution by chlorides achieved through an integrated use of aluminium hydroxchloride and sodium aluminate coagulants. It was found that the efficiency of water purification of sulphates and water softening can be increased with the carbon dioxide processing

Evaluation of the contribution of ion exchange in the process of demanganization with modified cation exchange resin KU-2-8.

An effective method of water purification from manganese compounds is the use of magnetite, so it is advisable to improve the way it is used. The main disadvantage of using dispersed microcrystalline magnetite is the difficulty of implementing water purification in dynamic conditions, due to the significant resistance to water filtration. In the case of the use of magnetite in static conditions, there is a constant consumption of magnetite after settling and filtration, and the demanganization process requires the use of bulky and poorly mobile installations (mixers, settling tanks and filters). Therefore, water purification from manganese ions was carried out under dynamic conditions by filtering water through a layer of strong acid cation exchange resin KU-2-8 in H+, Na+, Ca2+ forms modified with magnetite. This allows constant contact of the solution with the ion exchange material and reduces the role of the limiting diffusion factor on the water purification process. When evaluating the effectiveness of cation exchange resin KU-2-8 in the extraction of Mn2+ ions from water depending on the form of the resin, it was found that the FEDC for the resin in H+ form is 2198 mg-eq/dm3, for Na+ it is 2175 mg-eq/dm3 and for Ca2+ the value is 1717 mg-eq/dm3. Therefore, during the transition from H+ to Na+ and to Ca2+ form there is a decrease in the sorption capacity for Mn2+ ions in the cation exchange resin KU-2-8. On the cation exchange resin in Ca2+ form the efficiency of demanganization decreases with increasing concentration of manganese ions. When increasing the initial concentration from 5 to 10 and 30 mg/dm3 in distilled water, the residual concentration increases from 0.14 to 0.35 and up to 1.95 mg/dm3 when filtered through 10 cm3 of resin in Ca2+ form. When removing Mn2+ ions from artesian water, the residual concentration was 4.0; 7.0 and 27.0 mg/dm3 respectively. Thus, on magnetite-modified cation exchange resin, manganese ions are removed only partially due to ion exchange and their complete removal from water is possible only due to catalytic oxidation and deposition on magnetite

Thioredoxin-mimetic peptide CB3 lowers MAPKinase activity in the Zucker rat brain

AbstractDiabetes is a high risk factor for dementia. High glucose may be a risk factor for dementia even among persons without diabetes, and in transgenic animals it has been shown to cause a potentiation of indices that are pre-symptomatic of Alzheimer′s disease. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking inflammatory events elicited in the brain during oxidative stress and diabetes, we monitored the activation of mitogen-activated kinsase (MAPKs), c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAP kinases (p38MAPK), and extracellular activating kinsae1/2 (ERK1/2) and the anti-inflammatory effects of the thioredoxin mimetic (TxM) peptides, Ac-Cys-Pro-Cys-amide (CB3) and Ac-Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-amide (CB4) in the brain of male leptin-receptor-deficient Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Daily i.p. injection of CB3 to ZDF rats inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and p38MAPK, and prevented the expression of thioredoxin-interacting-protein (TXNIP/TBP-2) in ZDF rat brain. Although plasma glucose/insulin remained high, CB3 also increased the phosphorylation of AMP-ribose activating kinase (AMPK) and inhibited p70S6K kinase in the brain. Both CB3 and CB4 reversed apoptosis induced by inhibiting thioredoxin reductase as monitored by decreasing caspase 3 cleavage and PARP dissociation in SH-SY5Y cells. The decrease in JNK and p38MAPK activity in the absence of a change in plasma glucose implies a decrease in oxidative or neuroinflammatory stress in the ZDF rat brain. CB3 not only attenuated MAPK phosphorylation and activated AMPK in the brain, but it also diminished apoptotic markers, most likely acting via the MAPK–AMPK–mTOR pathway. These results were correlated with CB3 and CB4 inhibiting inflammation progression and protection from oxidative stress induced apoptosis in human neuronal cells. We suggest that by attenuating neuro-inflammatory processes in the brain Trx1 mimetic peptides could become beneficial for preventing neurological disorders associated with diabetes

Особенности коммуникации в организационных моделях различных типов

Peculiarities of communication in organizations of “closed”, “opened”, “simultaneous” and “chance” types are described in the article. The authors use their personal experience as a trainer and a consultant. The necessity of the formation and support of effective communication by management of a modern enterprise is actualized. The advantages, the lacks and the dynamical characteristics of the organizational models and communicational manifestations in them are analyzed. Preconditions and factors of efficacy of organizational communication are offered.В статье рассматриваются особенности коммуникации в организациях, построенных по моделям “закрытого”, “открытого”, “синхронного” и “случайного” типа. Авторы опираются на свой многолетний лекторский, тренерский и консультативный опыт. Актуализируется необходимость формирования и поддержания менеджментом современного предприятия эффективной организационной коммуникации. Проводится анализ преимуществ и недостатков, а также динамических характеристик организационных моделей и коммуникативных взаимодействий в них. Излагаются предпосылки и факторы повышения эффективности организационной коммуникации