Role of unenhanced breast MRI for detecting and differentiating breast lesions

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Invasive apocrine carcinoma of the breast: Myth or fact?

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Radiomic analysis in contrast-enhanced spectral mammography for predicting breast cancer histological outcome

Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) is a recently introduced mammographic method with characteristics particularly suitable for breast cancer radiomic analysis. This work aims to evaluate radiomic features for predicting histological outcome and two cancer molecular subtypes, namely Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive and triple-negative. From 52 patients, 68 lesions were identified and confirmed on histological examination. Radiomic analysis was performed on regions of interest (ROIs) selected from both low-energy (LE) and ReCombined (RC) CESM images. Fourteen statistical features were extracted from each ROI. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) was significantly correlated with variation coefficient and variation range calculated on both LE and RC images; progesterone receptor (PR) with skewness index calculated on LE images; and Ki67 with variation coefficient, variation range, entropy and relative smoothness indices calculated on RC images. HER2 was significantly associated with relative smoothness calculated on LE images, and grading tumor with variation coefficient, entropy and relative smoothness calculated on RC images. Encouraging results for differentiation between ER+/ER−, PR+/PR−, HER2+/HER2−, Ki67+/Ki67−, High-Grade/Low-Grade and TN/NTN were obtained. Specifically, the highest performances were obtained for discriminating HER2+/HER2− (90.87%), ER+/ER− (83.79%) and Ki67+/Ki67− (84.80%). Our results suggest an interesting role for radiomics in CESM to predict histological outcomes and particular tumors’ molecular subtype

Reversible pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis after liver transplantation

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the submucosa or subserosa of the intestinal wall. We report a case of PCI in a 54-yearold man 4 weeks after liver transplantation due to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis presenting with illness, diarrhea and abdominal pain. CT scans revealed normal shape of the abdominal parenchymal organs and no intra-hepatic complication due to liver transplantation. Main abdominal venous and arterial vessels resulted patent. Colic loops appeared diffusely thickened for the presence of variable diameter air-filled cysts located within the bowel wall. The patient underwent conservative treatment and the CT control after 4 weeks showed a complete PCI resolution. PCI after adult liver transplantation is probably due to the pre-transplantation chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapy and opportunistic enteric infections. Abdominal CT represents the gold standard technique for diagnosing PCI and for evaluating its extension and complications providing data on other abdominal pathologies. It appears as variable diameter gas-filled cysts located within the bowel wall and it is often associated with pneumo-peritoneum probably due to the rupture of subserosal cysts. PCI has a favorable outcome and requires conservative treatment. Major differential diagnosis includes intestinal pneumatosis due to bowel ischemia. PCI after liver transplantation represents an uncommon bowel disease with a favorable prognosis. CT represents the reference imaging technique for diagnosing the disease and evaluating the response to therapy which is usually conservative rather than surgical