Elevated temperature strain gages

The objective is to study the electrical resistance of materials that are potentially useful as resistance strain gages at 1000 C. A set of criteria were set and used to select strain gage candidate materials that are electrically stable and reproducible at all temperatures up to 1000 C. For the experimental phase of this research, the electrical resistance change with temperature of three groups of materials (solid solution alloys, transition metal carbides, and semiconductors) were studied with the intention of identifying materials with low temperature coefficient of resistance and low resistance drift rate at 1000 C. A preliminary study of the gage factor on one of the best candidate materials, B sub 4 C, was also undertaken. The results of these investigations are presented

Experimental Investigation of Shear- Critical Reactive Powder Concrete Beams without Web Reinforcement

جرت عملیة استقصاء عملی على سلوک عتبات خرسانیة عالیة المقاومة مصنوعة من المساحیق الفعالة. خمسة عشرة عتبة تحوی حدید تسلیح طولی تم صبھا وخالیة من تسلیح القص. المتغیرات الرئیسیة التی تم دراستھا ھی محتوى الالیاف الفولاذیة, نسبة حدید التسلیح الطولی, نسبة فضاء القص الى العمق الفعال ومحتوى السلیکا الفعالة. اعلى قیمھ لمقاومة الانضغاط کانت 110 میکاباسکال باستعمال نوع واحد من الالیاف الفولاذیة. تم اقتراح علاقات للتنبؤ بمقاومة اجھاد القص لعتبات خرسانة المساحیق الفعالة الخالیة من تسلیح القص. العلاقات االمقترحة اظھرت تطابقا جیدا لمقاومة اجھاد القص بالمقارنة مع النتائج العملیة

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of RPC Beams Failing in Shear

Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is a new type of ultra-high strength and high ductility concrete first developed in the 1990's in France. It is recognized as a revolutionary material that provides a combination of ductility, durability, and high strength. In this research work the nonlinear f ini t e element investigation on the behavior of RPC beams is presented. This investigation is carried out in order to get a better understanding of their behavior throughout the entire loading history. Also, a numerical parametric study was carried out on the RPC beams to investigate the influence of fibrous concrete compressive strength ( ) cf f ¢ , tensile reinforcement ratio ( ) w r , fiber content ( Vf ) and shear span to effective depth ratio (a/d) on the shear behavior and ultimate load capacity of these beams. The three- dimensional 20-node brick elements are used to model the concrete, while the reinforcing bars are modeled as axial members embedded within the concrete brick elements. The compressive behavior of concrete is simulated by an elastic-plastic work-hardening model followed by a perfectly plastic response, which terminated at the onset of crushing. In tension, a fixed smeared crack model has been used

Compressive Strength of Lightweight Porcelanite Aggregate Concrete -New Formulas

From the various kinds of concrete, lightweight concrete (LWC) is one of the most interesting subjects for researchers because of its advantages such as the savings in concrete member size, reinforcement, formwork and scaffolding , foundation costs as well as the savings derived from the reduced cost of transport and erection. The reduction of dead load due to a lower density of concrete allows for smaller and lighterweight structural members. Reductions in the dimensions of columns and beams result in more available space, and reductions in their selfweight can improve the seismic resistance capacity of building structures. Furthermore, better fire resistance, heat insulation, sound absorption, frost resistance, and increased damping are other advantages of lightweight concrete. Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) is not new in concrete technology; it has been used since ancient times. The fact that some of these structures are still in good condition validates the durability of concrete. The paper presents the results of testing 30 specimens (15 cylinders and 15 cubes) according to ASTM for determining the mechanical properties of sand lightweight aggregate concrete (SLWAC)made from Porcelanite (as a natural local material). The paper further presents new empirical predicted formulas for cylinder compressive strength, cube compressive strength; and relationship between them

Structural Refinement, Recrystallization and Grain Growth Phenomena in an Accumulative Roll Bonded Nickel Sheet

© 2017 The Authors. The thickness of the lamellar band (LB) structure that is generated in an accumulative roll bonded nickel sheet represents the degree of structure refinement. The LBs reach a saturation in thickness after several roll bonding cycles due to adiabatic heating that balances the dislocations generated during rolling. The thermal restoration process starts with the rearrangement of dislocations and boundary migration. At the initial stages of thermal restoration, LBs with all the orientations in the deformation texture grow by the so-called continuous recrystallization process. However, in the latter stages, growth becomes orientation selective and dominated by S and copper orientations. Finally, grain growth after recrystallization results in the preferred growth of Cube-oriented grains to the full layer thickness of the ARB sheet, thereby generating a strong Cube texture. Thus, grain growth yields a final texture similar to that generated in conventionally rolled and annealed nickel sheets