Anxiety and neurometabolite levels in the hippocampus and amygdala after prolonged exposure to predator-scent stress

Here, to study the relationship between anxiety levels with changes in the neurometabolic profile in the hippocampus and amygdala, an experimental predator stress model was reproduced in which Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to cat urine for 10 minutes on a daily basis for 10 days. At the time of presentation of the stimulus, an online survey of behavioral reactions was conducted. Fear, aggressiveness, avoidance of stimulus and grooming were recorded. Fourteen days after the completion of the last stress exposure, the total level of anxiety was determined in the test of the“cross maze”. Using the method of in vivo NMR spectroscopy, the content of neurometabolites was determined in the hippocampus and in the amygdala. According to the peculiarities of behavioral reactions to a stressor, animals were retrospectively divided into two phenotypes. The first phenotype used a passive behavioral strategy, and the second phenotype was active. In animals of the first phenotype, the indicators of anxiety behavior remained at the control level. In animals of the second phenotype, a decrease in anxiety was observed. Animals of the second phenotype showed elevated levels of lactate in the hippocampus compared to animals of the first phenotype, and the lowest N-acetylaspartate levels significantly differed from those in the control and the first phenotype animals. In the amygdala, in animals of the second phenotype, the content of taurine is sharply reduced in comparison with those in the control and the animals of the first phenotype. Thus, the results obtained indicate a relationship of post-stress changes in anxiety, with the peculiarities of the behavioral reactions presented at the moment of the immediate action of the stressor. Among the hippocampal and amygdala neurometabolites, the most informative for the characterization of the anxiolytic action of the predator stress are identified

PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALISYS

54th ERA-EDTA Congress, Madrid, Spain 3-6 June 201

Treatment of dermopathy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (clinical lecture)

The article summarizes the current aspects of the pathogenesis of PCOS and hyperandrogenism mechanisms. The treatment of dermopathy using COC and other androgen receptor blockers is substantiated

ORGANOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF BENASEPRIL IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Aim. To evaluate antihypertensive efficiency of benasepril therapy (Lotensin, Novartis) and its effects on microcirculation, endothelium function, system of cytoprotection, ophthalmoscopic and functional characteristics of eye retina in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods. 40 patients with AH of 1-3 degree (AH1, AH2, and AH3) were studied. After wash-out period all patients were prescribed benasepril 5-10 mg daily. If necessary, hydrochlorothiazide 12,5 mg daily was added. Treatment lasted during 6 months. Patients were examined at the beginning and at the end of the study. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring was carried out. Microcirculation was assessed by method of laser Doppler flowmetry. Stable plasma metabolites of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by spectral photometry. Cytoprotection was assessed by content of heat shock proteins (HSP70) in leucocytes of peripheral blood. Ophthalmoscopy, color and contrast static campimetry with evaluation of sensory-motor reaction (SMR) time in different fields of vision were carried out. Results. Therapy with benasepril allowed to improve daily profile of BP and to reach its target level in all AH patients. Number of patients with spastic type of microcirculation decreased. Functional condition of endothelium improved which revealed in normalization of endothelial production of NO. Therapy with benasepril resulted in intracellular HSP70 level decrease which testified restriction of cellular destruction. The cytoprotective effect of benasepril was stronger in patient with severe AH. Therapy with benasepril resulted in SMR time decrease which signifies its positive influence on retinal blood flow. Evaluation of contrast and color sensitiveness of retina allowed to reveal and quantitatively assess earlier dysfunctions of retinal tissue perfusion, compared to ophthalmoscopy. Conclusion. Benasepril is an efficient antihypertensive drug which improves microcirculation, endothelium function and retinal perfusion, has cytoprotective effect. Color and contrast static campimetry is an adequate method for quantitative assessment of retinal perfusion and allows objectively to evaluate damage of eye as target organ of AH