42 research outputs found
Phonon `notches' in a-b -plane optical conductivity of high-Tc superconductors
It is shown that a correlation between the positions of the -axis
longitudinal optic () phonons and ``notch''-like structures in the
- plane conductivity of high- superconductors results from
phonon-mediated interaction between electrons in different layers. It is found
that the relative size of the notches depends on
, where ,
and are the effective coupling strength, the frequency and the
width of the optical phonon which is responsible for the notch. Even for
the effect can be large if the phonon is very sharp.Comment: 5 pages, REVTeX, 4 uuencoded figure
Heavy-Fermion Formation at the Metal-to-Insulator Transition in GdSrTiO
The perovskite-like transition-metal oxide GdSrTiO is
investigated by measurements of resistivity, specific-heat, and electron
paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Approaching the metal-to-insulator transition
from the metallic regime (), the Sommerfeld coefficient of
the specific heat becomes strongly enhanced and the resistivity increases
quadratically at low temperatures, which both are fingerprints of strong
electronic correlations. The temperature dependence of the dynamic
susceptibility, as determined from the Gd-EPR linewidth, signals the
importance of strong spin fluctuations, as observed in heavy-fermion compounds.Comment: 4pages, 3 figure
Phonons and Magnetic Excitations in Mott-Insulator LaTiO
The polarized Raman spectra of stoichiometric LaTiO (T K) were
measured between 6 and 300 K. In contrast to earlier report on half-metallic
LaTiO, neither strong background scattering, nor Fano shape of the
Raman lines was observed. The high frequency phonon line at 655 cm
exhibits anomalous softening below T: a signature for structural
rearrangement. The assignment of the Raman lines was done by comparison to the
calculations of lattice dynamics and the nature of structural changes upon
magnetic ordering are discussed. The broad Raman band, which appears in the
antiferromagnetic phase, is assigned to two-magnon scattering. The estimated
superexchange constant meV is in excellent agreement with the
result of neutron scattering studies.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Spin Dynamics and Orbital State in LaTiO_3
A neutron scattering study of the Mott-Hubbard insulator LaTiO
(T K) reveals a spin wave spectrum that is well described by a
nearest-neighbor superexchange constant meV and a small
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction ( meV). The nearly isotropic spin wave
spectrum is surprising in view of the absence of a static Jahn-Teller
distortion that could quench the orbital angular momentum, and it may indicate
strong orbital fluctuations. A resonant x-ray scattering study has uncovered no
evidence of orbital order in LaTiO.Comment: final version, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3946 (2000
Observation of out-of-phase bilayer plasmons in YBa_2Cu_3O_7-delta
The temperature dependence of the c-axis optical conductivity \sigma(\omega)
of optimally and overdoped YBa_2Cu_3O_x (x=6.93 and 7) is reported in the far-
(FIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) range. Below T_c we observe a transfer of spectral
weight from the FIR not only to the condensate at \omega = 0, but also to a new
peak in the MIR. This peak is naturally explained as a transverse out-of-phase
bilayer plasmon by a model for \sigma(\omega) which takes the layered crystal
structure into account. With decreasing doping the plasmon shifts to lower
frequencies and can be identified with the surprising and so far not understood
FIR feature reported in underdoped bilayer cuprates.Comment: 7 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex, epsfi
Orbital liquid in three dimensional Mott insulator:
We present a theory of spin and orbital states in Mott insulator .
The spin-orbital superexchange interaction between ions in cubic
crystal suffers from a pathological degeneracy of orbital states at classical
level. Quantum effects remove this degeneracy and result in the formation of
the coherent ground state, in which the orbital moment of level is
fully quenched. We find a finite gap for orbital excitations. Such a disordered
state of local degrees of freedom on unfrustrated, simple cubic lattice is
highly unusual. Orbital liquid state naturally explains observed anomalies of
.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
The anomaly of the oxygen bond-bending mode at 320 cm and the additional absorption peak in the c-axis infrared conductivity of underdoped YBaCuO single crystals revisited by ellipsometricmeasurements
We have performed ellipsometric measurements of the far-infrared c-axis
dielectric response of underdoped YBaCuO single
crystals. Here we report a detailed analysis of the temperature-dependent
renormalization of the oxygen bending phonon mode at 320 cm and the
formation of the additional absorption peak around 400-500 cm. For a
strongly underdoped YBaCuO crystal with T=52 K we
find that, in agreement with previous reports based on conventional reflection
measurements, the gradual onset of both features occurs well above T at
T*150 K. Contrary to some of these reports, however, our data establish
that the phonon anomaly and the formation of the additional peak exhibit very
pronounced and steep changes right at T. For a less underdoped
YBaCuO crystal with T=80 K, the onset temperature of
the phonon anomaly almost coincides with T. Also in contrast to some
previous reports, we find for both crystals that a sizeable fraction of the
spectral weight of the additional absorption peak cannot be accounted for by
the spectral-weight loss of the phonon modes but instead arises from a
redistribution of the electronic continuum. Our ellipsometric data are
consistent with a model where the bilayer cuprate compounds are treated as a
superlattice of intra- and inter-bilayer Josephson-junctions
Anisotropic optical properties of single-crystal GdBa2Cu3O7-delta
The optical spectrum of reduced-T(c) GdBa2Cu3O7-delta has been measured for polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the ab plane. The sample was an oxygen-deficient single crystal with a large face containing the c axis. The polarized reflectance from this face was measured from 20-300 K in the spectral region from 30-3000 cm-1, with 300 K data to 30 000 cm-1. Kramers-Kronig analysis was used to determine the spectral dependence of the ab and the c components of the dielectric tensor. The optical properties are strongly anisotropic. The ab-plane response resembles that of other reduced-T(c) materials whereas the c axis, in contrast, shows only the presence of several phonons. There is a complete absence of charge carrier response along c above and below T(c). This observation allows us to set an upper limit to the free-carrier spectral weight for transport perpendicular to the CuO2 planes
Orbital Physics in the Perovskite Ti Oxides
In the perovskite Ti oxide RTiO3 (R=rare-earth ions), the Ti t2g orbitals and
spins in the 3d^1 state couple each other through the strong electron
correlations, resulting in a rich variety of orbital-spin phases. The origin
and nature of orbital-spin states of these Mott insulators have been
intensively studied. In this article, we review the studies on orbital physics
in the perovskite titanates. We focus on the following three topics: (1) the
origin and nature of the ferromagnetism as well as the orbital ordering in the
compounds with relatively small R ions such as GdTiO3 and YTiO3, (2) the origin
of the G-type antiferromagnetism and the orbital state in LaTiO3, and (3) the
orbital-spin structures in other AFM(G) compounds with relatively large R ions
(R=Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm). On the basis of these discussions, we discuss the whole
phase diagram together with mechanisms of the magnetic phase transition. We
also show that the Ti t2g degeneracy is inherently lifted in the titanates,
which allows the single-band descriptions of the ground-state and low-energy
electronic structures as a good starting point. Our analyses indicate that
these compounds offer touchstone materials described by the single-band Hubbard
model on the cubic lattice. From this insight, we also reanalyze the hole-doped
titanates. Experimentally revealed filling-dependent and bandwidth-dependent
properties and the critical behavior of the metal-insulator transitions are
discussed in the light of theories based on the single-band Hubbard models.Comment: Review article, 26 pages, to appear in New Journal of Physic