Influence of high Al fraction on reactive ion etching of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

In this study, the results of reactive ion etching (RIE) process of diversified Al content AlxGa1–xN/AlN/GaN/sapphire heterostructures were presented. The Al fractions of 22, 25, 31 and 36% were examined. An impact of Al content in the heterostructures on the etch rates and surface morphology was investigated. The influence of used Cl2/BCl3/Ar gas mixture with varying of BCl3 flow on the etch rate of Al0.2Ga0.8N/GaN/sapphire, surface morphology and angle of mesa slope, was discussed

New Europe, new chances? The migration of professional footballers to Poland’s Ekstraklasa

The intention of this paper is to offer a preliminary analysis of the migrations of professional footballers to Poland’s top division – the Ekstraklasa. Based upon a series of interviews conducted with migrant players located at an Ekstraklasa club, the paper focuses specifically on the factors that influence the players’ decisions to migrate to that particular league. The paper identifies that whilst the Ekstraklasa might sit outside of Europe’s core football economies, it still offers much as a migration destination for certain sorts of players. Specifically, the paper shows how ‘pull’ factors, such as financial gain and the opportunity to play in Europe’s elite club competitions, are juxtaposed with a number of structural factors that ‘push’ migrants from particular locations and that are contoured by the players’ desires to progress in their careers. The paper concludes by showing that the motivations of the migrants cannot be reduced to any single causal factor, but rather, to be more meaningful, a series of interdependent processes should be seen to be at work