A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON MICRONEEDLES - AN ARCHETYPE SWING IN TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY

Transdermal drug delivery is the non-invasive delivery of medications through the skin surface into the systemic circulation. The advantage of transdermal drug delivery system is that it is painless technique of administration of drugs. The advantage of transdermal drug delivery system is that it is painless technique of administration of drugs. Transdermal drug delivery system can improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the drugs because drug delivered through the skin at a predetermined and controlled rate. Due to the various biomedical benefits, it has attracted many researches. The barrier nature of stratumcorneum poses a danger to the drug delivery. By using microneedles, a pathway into the human body can be recognized which allow transportation of macromolecular drugs such as insulin or vaccine. These microneedles only penetrate outer layers of the skin, exterior sufficient not to reach the nerve receptors of the deeper skin. Thus the microneedles supplement is supposed painless and reduces the infection and injuries. Researches from the past few years showed that microneedles have emerged as a novel carrier and considered to be effective for safe and improved delivery of the different drugs. Microneedles development is created a new pathway in the drug delivery field. This review focus on new advances in transdermal drug delivery system using various carriers emphasizing mostly on the potential role of microneedles as transdermal system

DESIGNING AND QUALITY ASPECTS OF ASEPTIC PROCESS SIMULATION

Aseptic process simulation is a crucial validation technique carried out before a new product or aseptic process is introduced in the facility and also to prove on regular intervals that the existing manufacturing operations are carried out in a state of aseptic conditions. Aseptic process simulation involves conducting aseptic production using a sterile growth medium instead of actual drug solution and excipients. The processes involved in aseptic validation include the identification of process mechanisms, variables and control methods and that also include product, component, and sterilization of equipment, sanitary facilities, environmental checks and staff training on gowning procedure. This review addresses the nature of the study involved in aseptic process simulation, speed and number of runs, runtime, the atmospheric conditions, line speed, the media used, incubating and analyzing media-filled units, data interpretation, worst-case parameters, interventions, case study on interventions and the regulatory aspects concerned with the simulation

QBD-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF ORODISPERSIBLE FILMS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

This review provides an overview of the application of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach in the formulation and evaluation of the orodispersible films (ODFs) of antipsychotic drugs. Quality by Design involves a well-defined approach with predefined objectives to develop the product or process based on quality risk management and sound science. It comprises the defining of Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs), risk assessment, design and development, and evaluation of formulation. The Orodispersible films are ultra-thin, elegant, and portable dosage forms that do not require water to be ingested. It can be used for individuals who require special needs, such as for treating psychosis, schizophrenia, mania, and dysphagia. Hence, it holds tremendous potential in terms of patient compliance, convenience, and pharmacotherapy. They are fabricated by different techniques, which include solvent casting, hot-melt extrusion, 3D printing, and others discussed here. They are evaluated for different attributes like mechanical strength, dissolution, disintegration, tensile strength, folding endurance, and others discussed here. It also provides the significance of stability, packaging, shapes, and patent-related concepts of orodispersible films

Smart Nanocarriers as an Emerging Platform for Cancer Therapy: A Review

Cancer is a group of disorders characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that affects around 11 million people each year globally. Nanocarrier-based systems are extensively used in cancer imaging, diagnostics as well as therapeutics; owing to their promising features and potential to augment therapeutic efficacy. The focal point of research remains to develop new-fangled smart nanocarriers that can selectively respond to cancer-specific conditions and deliver medications to target cells efficiently. Nanocarriers deliver loaded therapeutic cargos to the tumour site either in a passive or active mode, with the least drug elimination from the drug delivery systems. This review chiefly focuses on current advances allied to smart nanocarriers such as dendrimers, liposomes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, quantum dots, micelles, superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, to list a few. Exhaustive discussion on crucial topics like drug targeting, surface decorated smart-nanocarriers and stimuli-responsive cancer nanotherapeutics responding to temperature, enzyme, pH and redox stimuli have been covered