Spin Hall Effect of Excitons

Spin Hall effect for excitons in alkali halides and in Cu_2O is investigated theoretically. In both systems, the spin Hall effect results from the Berry curvature in k space, which becomes nonzero due to lifting of degeneracies of the exciton states by exchange coupling. The trajectory of the excitons can be directly seen as spatial dependence of the circularly polarized light emitted from the excitons. It enables us to observe the spin Hall effect directly in the real-space time.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Investigation of the thermal expansion and heat capacity of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

The thermal expansion of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics has been measured over a wide temperature range 120–1200 K. The high quality of the samples under study has been confirmed by good agreement of the results of measurements of the heat capacity in the range 2–300 K and in the vicinity of the phase transition of magnetic nature at 25 K with the data for the single crystal. No anomalies in the thermal expansion that can be associated with the phase transition at 726–732 K assumed by other investigators have been found. The influence exerted on the thermal expansion by the heat treatment of the sample in a helium atmosphere and in air has been investigated

Cluster galaxies 10 billion years ago

Cl J1449+0856 is a spectroscopically confirmed galaxy cluster at z ~ 2. The detection of a faint, extended X-ray emission, suggestive of an already evolved, partially relaxed structure, puts this system among the most distant "established” clusters rather than in the realm of z≳2 proto-clusters. This gives us a chance of studying galaxies in an evolved overdense environment very close to their formation epoch, and in particular to trace the evolution of early-type galaxies in clusters back to ten billion years ag

Magnetic Phase Diagrams with Possible Field-induced Antiferroquadrupolar Order in TbB2_2C2_2

Magnetic phase diagrams of a tetragonal antiferromagnet TbB$_2$C$_2$ were clarified by temperature and field dependence of magnetization. It is noticeable that the N{\'e}el temperature in TbB$_2$C$_2$ is anomalously enhanced with magnetic fields, in particular the enhancement reaches 13.5 K for the ${}$ direction at 10 T. The magnetization processes as well as the phase diagrams are well interpreted assuming that there appear field-induced antiferroquadrupolar ordered phases in TbB$_2$C$_2$. The phase diagrams of the AFQ compounds in RB$_2$C$_2$ are systematically understood in terms of the competition with AFQ and AFM interactions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX

Genomic profiling of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma reveals recurrent alterations in epigenetic regulatory genes BAP1, SETD2, and DDX3X.

Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer that arises from the mesothelial cells that line the pleural cavity and less commonly from the peritoneal lining of the abdomen and pelvis. Most pleural mesotheliomas arise in patients with a history of asbestos exposure, whereas the association of peritoneal mesotheliomas with exposure to asbestos and other potential carcinogens is less clear, suggesting that the genetic alterations that drive malignant peritoneal mesothelioma may be unique from those in pleural mesothelioma. Treatment options for all malignant mesotheliomas are currently limited, with no known targeted therapies available. To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, we sequenced 510 cancer-related genes in 13 patients with malignant mesothelioma arising in the peritoneal cavity. The most frequent genetic alteration was biallelic inactivation of the BAP1 gene, which occurred in 9/13 cases, with an additional two cases demonstrating monoallelic loss of BAP1. All 11 of these cases demonstrated loss of BAP1 nuclear staining by immunohistochemistry, whereas two tumors without BAP1 alteration and all 42 cases of histologic mimics in peritoneum (8 multilocular peritoneal inclusion cyst, 6 well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum, 16 adenomatoid tumor, and 12 low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary) demonstrated intact BAP1 nuclear staining. Additional recurrently mutated genes in this cohort of malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas included NF2 (3/13), SETD2 (2/13), and DDX3X (2/13). While these genes are known to be recurrently mutated in pleural mesotheliomas, the frequencies are distinct in peritoneal mesotheliomas, with nearly 85% of peritoneal tumors harboring BAP1 alterations versus only 20-30% of pleural tumors. Together, these findings demonstrate the importance of epigenetic modifiers including BAP1, SETD2, and DDX3X in mesothelial tumorigenesis and suggest opportunities for targeted therapies