A Simple Algorithm for Generating a New Two Sample Type-II Progressive Censoring with Applications

In this article, we introduce a simple algorithm to generating a new type-II progressive censoring scheme for two samples. It is observed that the proposed algorithm can be applied for any continues probability distribution. Moreover, the description model and necessary assumptions are discussed. In addition, the steps of simple generation algorithm along with programming steps are also constructed on real example. The inference of two Weibull Frechet populations are discussed under the proposed algorithm. Both classical and Bayesian inferential approaches of the distribution parameters are discussed. Furthermore, approximate confidence intervals are constructed based on the asymptotic distribution of the maximum likelihood estimators. Also, we apply four methods of Bootstrap to construct confidence intervals. From Bayesian aspect, the Bayes estimates of the unknown parameters are evaluated by applying the Markov chain Monte Carlo technique and credible intervals are also carried out. The Bayes inference based on the squared error and LINEX loss functions is obtained. Simulation results have been implemented to obtain the accuracy of the estimators. Finally, one real data set has been analyzed for illustrative purposes both the proposed algorithm and methods of estimation

Prevalence of renal anomalies in children with auricular malformations among attendance of Genetics Clinic in Ain Shams University

Objective: Although many pediatricians pursue renal ultrasonography when patients are noted to have external ear malformations, there is much confusion over which specific ear malformations do and do not require imaging. The objective of this study was to delineate characteristics of a child with external ear malformations that suggest a greater risk of renal anomalies. We highlight several multiple congenital anomaly (MCA) syndromes that should be considered in a patient who has both ear and renal anomalies. Patients and Methods: From September 2004 to April 2006, 50 patients with external ear anomalies (Preauricular pits and tags, low set ears, microtia, anotia, cup, phone, bat, and other forms of dysplastic ears) were consecutively recruited from the Genetics and Outpatient Clinic of Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound was done to each patient to screen for any renal anomaly. Results: 4 patients (8%) with external ear anomalies as a part of MCA syndrome had renal anomalies, in the form of left hydronephrotic changes (n=1; 2%), absent left kidney and bifid right renal pelvis (n=1; 2%), and bilateral reflux and hydronephrotic changes (n=2; 4%). Conclusions: Ear malformations are associated with an increased frequency of structural renal anomalies compared with the general population. This is because auricular malformations often are associated with specific MCA syndromes that have high incidences of renal anomalies. A renal ultrasound is useful not only in discovering renal anomalies, but also in the diagnosis and management of MCA syndromes themselves; it should be performed without delay in patients with ear anomalies, especially if those anomalies are part of MCA syndromes, in order to start conservative management or corrective surgery before irreversible kidney damage. Keywords: Renal anomalies, auricular malformations, multiple congenital anomaly, syndromes Egypt. J. Hum. Genet Vol. 8 (2) 2007: pp. 191-19