3,219 research outputs found
Non-small bowel lesion detection at small bowel capsule endoscopy: A comprehensive literature review
Small bowel capsule endoscopy is a minimally-invasive
endoscopic investigation that is often used in clinical
practice to investigate overt or occult gastrointestinal (GI)
bleeding among other clinical indications. International
guidance recommends small bowel capsule endoscopy
as a first-line investigation to detect abnormalities in
the small bowel, when gastroscopy and colonoscopy fail
to identify a cause of GI bleeding. It can diagnose with
accuracy abnormalities in the small bowel. However,
there has been increasing evidence indicating that
small bowel capsule endoscopy may also detect lesions
outside the small intestine that are within the reach of
conventional endoscopy and have been probably missed
during prior endoscopic investigations. Such lesions
vary from vascular deformities to malignancy and their
detection often alters patient management, leading to
further endoscopic and/or surgical interventions. The
current study attempts to review all available studies in
the literature and summarise their relevant findings
Training in video capsule endoscopy: Current status and unmet needs
Since its introduction to clinical practice nearly 20 years ago, wireless capsule
endoscopy has revolutionized the landscape in the diagnosis and management of
small bowel diseases. Over the past 10 years, capsule endoscopy has evolved
beyond the small intestine and a range of capsules are now available to examine
the esophagus, stomach and colon. Because of its ease of use, tolerability, paucity
of complications and ability to visualize the entire gastrointestinal tract, capsule
endoscopy has entered the mainstream of clinical practice. This review of the
literature summarizes the current state of capsule training and highlights the
limited data available to assess reader competence and standards expected of an
independent practitioner. There are neither standardized teaching strategies nor
national or international metrics for accreditation of physicians and nonphysicians interested in mastering this examination. Summating the few
publications, there appears to be consensus that diagnostic expertise improves
with experience, and that trainees should be fully supervised for at least 20 full
case studies. Formative and summative assessment is advisable and the number
of taught cases should not be the sole determinant of competence. The review
also highlights differences in recommendations from major national
gastroenterology societies. Finally, the authors discuss areas of unmet needs in
teaching and learning for capsule endoscop
Mobility of thorium ions in liquid xenon
We present a measurement of the Th ion mobility in LXe at 163.0 K and
0.9 bar. The result obtained, 0.2400.011 (stat) 0.011 (syst)
cm/(kV-s), is compared with a popular model of ion transport.Comment: 6.5 pages,
ATLAS Detector Paper Back-Up Note: Electrons and Photons
This is the supporting note to the ATLAS Detector paper for electron and photon reconstruction with the Inner Detector. It describes the software used to produce the results presented in the ATLAS Detector paper
Investigation of radioactivity-induced backgrounds in EXO-200
The search for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0{\nu}{\beta}{\beta}) requires
extremely low background and a good understanding of their sources and their
influence on the rate in the region of parameter space relevant to the
0{\nu}{\beta}{\beta} signal. We report on studies of various {\beta}- and
{\gamma}-backgrounds in the liquid- xenon-based EXO-200 0{\nu}{\beta}{\beta}
experiment. With this work we try to better understand the location and
strength of specific background sources and compare the conclusions to
radioassay results taken before and during detector construction. Finally, we
discuss the implications of these studies for EXO-200 as well as for the
next-generation, tonne-scale nEXO detector.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 3 table
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