Parameters table.

<p>Parameters table.</p

Estimated proportion of cases averted for different vaccination coverages and at different times to the outbreak in cattle (top panel) and sheep (bottom panel).

<p>Estimated proportion of cases averted for different vaccination coverages and at different times to the outbreak in cattle (top panel) and sheep (bottom panel).</p

Summary flow diagram of the model structure demonstrating the bidirectional RVFV transmission between domestic livestock and the two mosquito species.

<p>The structure also shows the infection states of livestock and mosquitoes and the parameters that describe transition pathways. <i>Aedes</i> spp population growth is governed by a fuzzy distribution model that leads to development, through explicitly modelled aquatic stages (Ϫ), of either susceptible or infectious adults. <i>Culex</i> spp population growth is governed by a logistic distribution model that leads to development, through explicitly modelled aquatic stages (Ϫ), of susceptible adults. See vector aquatic stages modelling in the text.</p

Simulated incidence of RVFV in hosts over 1200 days.

<p>The inset graph is a magnification of the full-blown outbreak period.</p

Estimated proportion of cases averted for different vaccination coverages implemented at the onset of outbreak.

<p>The dashed blue line shows the predicted vaccination coverage estimated to reduce the cumulative incidence in each host species by 50% in an outbreak.</p

Proportional (%) change in cumulative incidence in cattle and sheep upon a ±50% of model parameter values.

<p>Proportional (%) change in cumulative incidence in cattle and sheep upon a ±50% of model parameter values.</p

Predicted temporal relationship between fuzzy (panel A) and logistic probability functions (panel B) and vector: host ratios.

<p>Predicted temporal relationship between fuzzy (panel A) and logistic probability functions (panel B) and vector: host ratios.</p

Impacts of integrating various levels of routine and reactive vaccination required to stop an RVF outbreak using a prefect vaccine (Panel A) and imperfect vaccine with 50% vaccine efficacy (Panel B).

<p>Impacts of integrating various levels of routine and reactive vaccination required to stop an RVF outbreak using a prefect vaccine (Panel A) and imperfect vaccine with 50% vaccine efficacy (Panel B).</p

Expected impacts of biannual (Panel A) and annual (Panel B) periodic vaccination scenarios on the cumulative incidence of RVFV using a perfect vaccine and a vaccine with 50% efficacy.

<p>Expected impacts of biannual (Panel A) and annual (Panel B) periodic vaccination scenarios on the cumulative incidence of RVFV using a perfect vaccine and a vaccine with 50% efficacy.</p

Map of Kenya indicating the location of study sites.

<p>Map of Kenya indicating the location of study sites.</p