6 research outputs found
Two-electron exchange interaction between polar molecules and atomic ions β Asymptotic approach
We have described the asymptotic approach for calculation of the two-electron exchange
interaction between atomic ion and polar molecule responsible for direct double electron
transfer processes. The closed analytic expression for matrix element of exchange
interaction has been obtained in the framework of the semiclassical version of the
asymptotic theory and point-dipole approximation for description of the polar
molecule
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ½-ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π·ΡΡΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ
The asymptotic properties of the solution of quantum-mechanical three Coulomb centers problem eZ1ZZ are studied. Within the framework of the perturbation theory the asymptotic formulas for energies of eZ1ZZ system are obtained at large separation L between interacting fragments. As the applications of obtained results the leading term of the asymptotic of exchange interactions between hydrogen-like molecular ion eZZ with nuclei of different elements are calculated. The total cross sections of charge transfer of a hydrogen molecular ion H2+ or the nuclei of lithium at not very low impact velocities are calculated.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² eZ1ZZ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ eZ1ZZ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
L ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° eZZ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° H2+ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ² eZ1ZZ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ eZ1ZZ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ
L ΠΌΡΠΆ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π° eZZ Π· ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π2+ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Π·ΡΡΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ
Ba2+ ions adsorption by titanium silicate
This paper is devoted to the adsorption capacity of titanium silicate toward Ba2+ cations. Titanium silicate can be synthesized from titanium production waste by sol-gel synthesis, which is of additional benefit to environmental protection. The determination of the surface area of the adsorbent was performed by the method of low-temperature N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The elemental composition of titanium silicate was also investigated by XRF and EDS analysis. The dependence of the adsorption values of Ba2+ on the duration of interaction, the equilibrium concentration of adsorbate, and the acidity of the solution has been investigated. The adsorption theories of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich were applied to the equilibrium adsorption of barium ions. The experimentally measured maximal adsorption value of Ba2+ ions is 144 mg/g. Barium is adsorbed onto titanium silicate by the mechanism of physical adsorption, this is indicated by the value of the adsorption energy equal to 0.947 kJ per mole, which was calculated using the D-R equation. This may be useful for researching the possibility of adsorbent regeneration
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΌΠ° Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Purpose. As a standard model for describing the processes of a resonant transmission of quantum information on arbitrary distances is the system of two identical two-level atoms, one of which is under radiation of the field of real photons. Such a system can serve as a basis for the construction of an element basis of quantum computers. The purpose of this paper is to study the different modes of dynamics of a system of two identical two-level atoms when they interacts with the field of real photons.Methods. In this paper, we propose a general approach to the description of the processes for the transfer of quantum information from one atom-qubit to another on the arbitrary interatomic distances, which includes two types of new physical effects: the attenuation of quantum states and the retardation of the dipole-dipole interaction.Results. The optical properties of a system of two identical two-level atoms in collective (symmetric Ξ¨s and antisymmetric Ξ¨a) Bell states at arbitrary interatomic distances are investigated. The closed analytical expressions for the shifts and widths of the considered collective states are considered, taking into account the retarded dipole-dipole interaction of atoms. In calculation of the radial matrix elements of the dipole-dipole interaction, the wave functions of the model Fues potential are used.Conclusions. A detailed study of the mechanisms of resonant transmission of the excitation energy at arbitrary distances between the two-element atoms has an important practical significance for the physical realization of the logical operator CNOT.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
(ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ξ¨s ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ξ¨a) Π±Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π€ΡΡΡΠ°.ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π· Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
(ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Ξ¨s Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Ξ¨a) Π±Π΅Π»Π»ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ
. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ² Π· ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»Ρ Π€ΡΡΡΠ°