8,066 research outputs found
Hiding variables when decomposing specifications into GR(1) contracts
We propose a method for eliminating variables from component specifications during the decomposition of GR(1) properties into contracts. The variables that can be eliminated are identified by parameterizing the communication architecture to investigate the dependence of realizability on the availability of information. We prove that the selected variables can be hidden from other components, while still expressing the resulting specification as a game with full information with respect to the remaining variables. The values of other variables need not be known all the time, so we hide them for part of the time, thus reducing the amount of information that needs to be communicated between components. We improve on our previous results on algorithmic decomposition of GR(1) properties, and prove existence of decompositions in the full information case. We use semantic methods of computation based on binary decision diagrams. To recover the constructed specifications so that humans can read them, we implement exact symbolic minimal covering over the lattice of integer orthotopes, thus deriving minimal formulae in disjunctive normal form over integer variable intervals
A quantitative perspective on ethics in large team science
The gradual crowding out of singleton and small team science by large team
endeavors is challenging key features of research culture. It is therefore
important for the future of scientific practice to reflect upon the individual
scientist's ethical responsibilities within teams. To facilitate this
reflection we show labor force trends in the US revealing a skewed growth in
academic ranks and increased levels of competition for promotion within the
system; we analyze teaming trends across disciplines and national borders
demonstrating why it is becoming difficult to distribute credit and to avoid
conflicts of interest; and we use more than a century of Nobel prize data to
show how science is outgrowing its old institutions of singleton awards. Of
particular concern within the large team environment is the weakening of the
mentor-mentee relation, which undermines the cultivation of virtue ethics
across scientific generations. These trends and emerging organizational
complexities call for a universal set of behavioral norms that transcend team
heterogeneity and hierarchy. To this end, our expository analysis provides a
survey of ethical issues in team settings to inform science ethics education
and science policy.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Keywords: team ethics; team management;
team evaluation; science of scienc
Minimizing Outage Probability by Exploiting CSI in Wireless Powered Cooperative Networks
In this work, we address the relay selection problem for the wireless powered
communication networks, where the relays harvest energy from the source radio
frequency signals. A single source-destination pair is considered without a
direct link. The connecting relay nodes are equipped with storage batteries of
infinite size. We assume that the channel state information (CSI) on the
source-relay link is available at the relay nodes. Depending on the
availability of the CSI on the relay-destination link at the relay node, we
propose different relay selection schemes and evaluate the outage probability.
The availability of the CSI at the relay node on the relay-destination link
considerably improves the performance due to additional flexibility in the
relay selection mechanism. We numerically quantify the performance for the
proposed schemes and compare the outage probability for fixed and equal number
of wireless powered forwarding relays.Comment: accepted in IEEE Globecom 201
The 6D quantum Hall effect and 3D topological pumps
Modern technological advances allow for the study of systems with additional
synthetic dimensions. Using such approaches, higher-dimensional physics that
was previously deemed to be of purely theoretical interest has now become an
active field of research. In this work, we derive from first principles using a
semiclassical equation of motions approach, the bulk response of a
six-dimensional Chern insulator. We find that in such a system a quantized bulk
response appears with a quantization originating from a six-dimensional
topological index -- the 3rd Chern number. Alongside this novel six-dimensional
response, we rigorously describe the lower even-dimensional Chern-like
responses that can occur due to nonvanishing 1st and 2nd Chern numbers in
sub-spaces of the six-dimensional space. Last, we propose how to realize such a
bulk response using three-dimensional topological charge pumps in cold atomic
systems.Comment: 12 pages + 13 pages of supporting material, 2 figures, published
versio
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