1,493 research outputs found
Financing agricultural research and development in rich countries: what's happening and why
Governments around the globe are trimming their support for agricultural R&D, giving greater scrutiny to the support that they do provide, and reforming the public agencies that fund, oversee, and carry out the research. These contemporary developments represent a break from previous patterns, which, since WWII, had seen a significant and steady expansion in the public funds provided for agricultural R&D. The growth rate of private-sector spending on agricultural research has slowed along with the growth of public spending in recent years, but the balance continues to shift toward the private sector. This paper presents a quantitative review of these funding trends and the considerable institutional changes that have accompanied them. We present and discuss new data for 22 OECD countries, provide additional data and institutional details for five of these countries, namely Australia, Netherlands, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and the United States, and conclude the paper with an assessment of these policy developments.Agricultural research., Government spending policy., OECD countries., Australia., Netherlands., New Zealand., United Kingdom., United States., Assessment,
Financing agricultural R&D in rich countries: what's happening and why
Governments everywhere are trimming their support for agricultural R&D, giving greater scrutiny to the support that they do provide, and reforming the public agencies that fund, oversee, and carry out the research. This represents a break from previous patterns, which had consisted of expansion in the public funds for agricultural R&D. Private‐sector spending on agricultural research has slowed along with the growth of public spending in recent years, but the balance continues to shift towards the private sector. This article presents a quantitative review of these funding trends and the considerable institutional changes that have accompanied them. We discuss new data for 22 OECD countries, providing institutional details for five of these countries, and conclude with an assessment of policy developments.Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,
Must naive realists be relationalists?
Relationalism maintains that perceptual experience involves, as part of its nature, a distinctive kind of conscious perceptual relation between a subject of experience and an object of experience. Together with the claim that perceptual experience is presentational, relationalism is widely believed to be a core aspect of the naive realist outlook on perception. This is a mistake. I argue that naive realism about perception can be upheld without a commitment to relationalism
Simulation study of pressure and temperature dependence of the negative thermal expansion in Zn(CN)(2)
12 pages, 16 figures12 pages, 16 figures12 pages, 16 figures12 pages, 16 figure
Anti-Kaon Induced Reactions on the Nucleon
Using a previously established effective Lagrangian model we describe
anti-kaon induced reactions on the nucleon. The dominantly contributing
channels in the cm-energy region from threshold up to 1.72 GeV are included (K
N, \pi \Sigma, \pi \Lambda). We solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation in an unitary
-matrix approximation.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures, minor typos corrected, accepted for publication
in Phys. Rev.
Women rebuilding lives post-disaster: innovative community practices for building resilience and promoting sustainable development
Disasters result in devastating human, economic, and environmental effects. The paper highlights women's active participation in community-based disaster recovery efforts drawing from the results of the ‘Rebuilding Lives Post-disaster: Innovative Community Practices for Sustainable Development’ by an international research partnership. Two case studies are presented from Pakistan and the USA to demonstrate how women contribute to building resilience and promoting sustainable development in diverse post-disaster contexts. The policy and practice implications are relevant for discussions regarding the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals and framework
Measurement of the inclusive branching fraction tau- ---> TAU-neutrino pi- pi0 + neutral meson(s)
Optimal Reserve and Export Policies for the California Almond Industry : Theory, Econometrics, and Simulations
Agricultural and Food Policy, Crop Production/Industries, International Relations/Trade,
NuSTAR reveals the hidden nature of SS433
SS433 is the only Galactic binary system known to accrete at highly
super-critical rates, analogous to tidal disruption events, and needed to
explain the mass of some high redshift quasars. Probing the inner regions of
SS433 in the X-rays is crucial to understanding this system, and super-critical
accretion in general, but has not yet been possible due to obscuration. NuSTAR
observed SS433 in the hard X-ray band across multiple phases of its
super-orbital precession period. Spectral-timing tools have allowed us to
confirm that the hard X-ray emission from the inner regions is scattered
towards us by the walls of the wind-cone. By comparing to numerical models, we
determine an intrinsic X-ray luminosity of >= 3x10^37 erg/s and that, if viewed
face on, the apparent luminosity would be > 1x10^39 erg/s, confirming its
long-suspected nature as an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX). A lag due to
absorption by Fe XXV/XXVI in outflowing material travelling at least 0.14-0.29c
matches absorption lines seen in ULXs and - in future - will allow us to map a
super-critical outflow for the first time.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, submitted for publicatio
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