Critical Review of Theoretical Models for Anomalous Effects (Cold Fusion) in Deuterated Metals

We briefly summarize the reported anomalous effects in deuterated metals at ambient temperature, commonly known as "Cold Fusion" (CF), with an emphasis on important experiments as well as the theoretical basis for the opposition to interpreting them as cold fusion. Then we critically examine more than 25 theoretical models for CF, including unusual nuclear and exotic chemical hypotheses. We conclude that they do not explain the data.Comment: 51 pages, 4 Figure

O Império é que era a República: a monarquia republicana de Joaquim Nabuco The Brazilian Empire as the true Republic: Joaquim Nabuco's project of a republican monarchy

O artigo debruça-se sobre a incompreendida fidelidade à Monarquia por parte de Joaquim Nabuco depois da Abolição da Escravatura, quando ele passou a refletir sobre as condições de possibilidade de construção de uma sociedade republicana liberal no Brasil. Estudando seus escritos monarquistas publicados entre 1888 e 1896, percebe-se que Nabuco permaneceu monarquista por julgar que o advento do regime republicano, na modalidade oligárquica proposta pelo partido homônimo, ao invés de auxiliá-la, prejudicaria o advento de uma sociedade autenticamente republicana, liberal e democrática. Considerações de ordem pragmática levavam-no a ver a Monarquia como um instrumento capaz de mais bem preparar a sociedade brasileira para uma República que fosse além do mero rótulo, sem desnível entre forma e conteúdo, o país legal e o real.<br>The article focuses on the misunderstood loyalty to the monarchy by Nabuco after the Abolition of Slavery, when he began to reflect on the conditions of possibility of building a liberal republican society in Brazil. In studying his writings published between 1888 and monarchists 1896, it is clear that Nabuco remained royalist judge by the advent of the republican regime, in the form proposed by the oligarchic party namesake, instead of help it would impair the advent of a truly republican society, liberal and democratic. Pragmatic considerations led him to see the monarchy as a tool to better prepare the Brazilian society to a republic that would go beyond the mere label, with no gap between form and content, the legal and real country