Management of plant health risks associated with processing of plant-based wastes: A review

The rise in international trade of plants and plant products has increased the risk of introduction and spread of plant pathogens and pests. In addition, new risks are arising from the implementation of more environmentally friendly methods of biodegradable waste disposal, such as composting and anaerobic digestion. As these disposal methods do not involve sterilisation, there is good evidence that certain plant pathogens and pests can survive these processes. The temperature/time profile of the disposal process is the most significant and easily defined factor in controlling plant pathogens and pests. In this review, the current evidence for temperature/time effects on plant pathogens and pests is summarised. The advantages and disadvantages of direct and indirect process validation for the verification of composting processes, to determine their efficacy in destroying plant pathogens and pests in biowaste, are discussed. The availability of detection technology and its appropriateness for assessing the survival of quarantine organisms is also reviewed

Beyond XSPEC: Towards Highly Configurable Analysis

We present a quantitative comparison between software features of the defacto standard X-ray spectral analysis tool, XSPEC, and ISIS, the Interactive Spectral Interpretation System. Our emphasis is on customized analysis, with ISIS offered as a strong example of configurable software. While noting that XSPEC has been of immense value to astronomers, and that its scientific core is moderately extensible--most commonly via the inclusion of user contributed "local models"--we identify a series of limitations with its use beyond conventional spectral modeling. We argue that from the viewpoint of the astronomical user, the XSPEC internal structure presents a Black Box Problem, with many of its important features hidden from the top-level interface, thus discouraging user customization. Drawing from examples in custom modeling, numerical analysis, parallel computation, visualization, data management, and automated code generation, we show how a numerically scriptable, modular, and extensible analysis platform such as ISIS facilitates many forms of advanced astrophysical inquiry.Comment: Accepted by PASP, for July 2008 (15 pages

The effect of dosage of organophosphate insecticides on the emergence of radish seedlings and on damage by cabbage maggots

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The efficacy of organocarbamate, organochlorine, and organophosphate insecticides against turnip maggots and resistant cabbage maggots in rutabaga in British Columbia

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Development of space-stable thermal-control coatings Triannual report, 1 Mar. - 31 Aug. 1968

Spin resonance studies of zinc orthotitanate, synthesis of new pigments, and design of new test facility for developing space-stable, thermal control coating

Volume 17, Number 01

Full text of Volume 17, Number 01 of Reaching Through Teaching.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/rtt/1038/thumbnail.jp

Surface Effects on the Dynamics of Liquid Crystalline Thin Films Confined in Nanoscale Cavities

The dynamics of 4-n-pentyl-4\u27-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) nematic liquid crystalline thin films have been studied in real time using step-scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In these studies, the liquid crystal was confined in a nanocavity defined and bounded by an interdigitated gold electrode array. The gold microstructures were microfabricated on a zinc selenide (IR-transparent) window. The 5CB interactions with the ZnSe substrate result in surface-induced ordering of the ultrathin layers (on the order of 40 nm). As the films increase in thickness, the nanoscale organization induced by the surface layer becomes a less significant contributor to the overall bulk structure of the sample. Time-resolved FTIR studies have enabled the measurement of rate constants for the orientation and relaxation of the thin films under an applied electric field as a direct function of confinement dimensions. Cell thicknesses ranging from 40 to 300 nm were studied. The measured rate behaviors demonstrate the strong effects of the interactions occurring between the surfaces of the ZnSe crystals and the 5CB on the dynamics of the liquid crystalline assembly. Time-resolved studies reveal kinetically inhomogeneous line shapes for thicker films while ultrathin films maintain kinetically homogeneous peaks, suggesting the development of liquid crystalline domains or other inhomogeneities over this length scale in the transition from the surface layer to bulk

Volume 16, Number 01

Full text of Volume 16, Number 01 of Reaching Through Teaching.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/rtt/1036/thumbnail.jp

Volume 16, Number 02

Full text of Volume 16, Number 02 of Reaching Through Teaching.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/rtt/1037/thumbnail.jp