2 research outputs found
Standoff Mechanical Resonance Spectroscopy Based on Infrared-Sensitive Hydrogel Microcantilevers
This
paper reports a highly sensitive and selective remote chemical
sensing platform for surface-adsorbed trace chemicals by using infrared
(IR)-sensitive hydrogel microcantilevers. PolyÂ(ethylene glycol) diacrylate
(PEG-DA) hydrogel microcantilevers are fabricated by ultraviolet (UV)
curing of PEG-DA prepolymer introduced into a polyÂ(dimethylsiloxane)
mold. The resonance frequency of a PEG-DA microcantilever exhibits
high thermal sensitivity due to IR irradiation/absorption. When a
tunable IR laser beam is reflected off a surface coated with target
chemical onto a PEG-DA microcantilever, the resonance frequency of
the cantilever shifts in proportion to the chemical nature of the
target molecules. Dynamic responses of the PEG-DA microcantilever
can be obtained in a range of IR wavelengths using a tunable quantum
cascade laser that can form the basis for the standoff mechanical
resonance spectroscopy (SMRS). Using this SMRS technique, we have
selectively detected three compounds, dimethyl methyl phosphonate
(DMMP), cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), and pentaerythritol
tetranitrate (PETN), located 4 m away from the PEG-DA microcantilever
detector. The experimentally measured limit of detection for PETN
trace using the PEG-DA microcantilever was 40 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>. Overall,
the PEG-DA microcantilever is a promising candidate for further exploration
and optimization of standoff detection methods
Hollow Microtube Resonators via Silicon Self-Assembly toward Subattogram Mass Sensing Applications
Fluidic resonators with
integrated microchannels (hollow resonators) are attractive for mass,
density, and volume measurements of single micro/nanoparticles and
cells, yet their widespread use is limited by the complexity of their
fabrication. Here we report a simple and cost-effective approach for
fabricating hollow microtube resonators. A prestructured silicon wafer
is annealed at high temperature under a controlled atmosphere to form
self-assembled buried cavities. The interiors of these cavities are
oxidized to produce thin oxide tubes, following which the surrounding
silicon material is selectively etched away to suspend the oxide tubes.
This simple three-step process easily produces hollow microtube resonators.
We report another innovation in the capping glass wafer where we integrate
fluidic access channels and getter materials along with residual gas
suction channels. Combined together, only five photolithographic steps
and one bonding step are required to fabricate vacuum-packaged hollow
microtube resonators that exhibit quality factors as high as ∼13 000.
We take one step further to explore additionally attractive features
including the ability to tune the device responsivity, changing the
resonator material, and scaling down the resonator size. The resonator
wall thickness of ∼120 nm and the channel hydraulic diameter
of ∼60 nm are demonstrated solely by conventional microfabrication
approaches. The unique characteristics of this new fabrication process
facilitate the widespread use of hollow microtube resonators, their
translation between diverse research fields, and the production of
commercially viable devices