Решение проблемы повышенной чувствительности дентина: механизмы реминерализации при курсовом использовании зубной пасты с фторидом олова

The purpose of the study was clinical and laboratory analysis of the remineralizing properties and clinical efficacy of the course application of the Sensodyne Rapid Relief therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste for sensitive teeth with tin fluoride. The study involved 50 overwise healthy patients aged from 18 to 25 years diagnosed with a localized form of hyperesthesia of hard dental tissues and no signs of acute inflammation of periodontal tissues. After 7 days of clinical observation and daily use of the toothpaste the hygienic condition of the oral cavity in all patients improved: oral hygiene index was 1.02±0.2 units; gum inflammation index (PMA) - 8.0±1.5%; the absence of hyperesthesia was diagnosed (1 point, p≤0.05). Examination of patients after 14 and 28 days confirmed the absence of pain in 100%, the organoleptic properties of the toothpaste under investigation were also highly appreciated by the participants. A laboratory study showed that patients have an increase in the pH value of mixed saliva and a decrease in its buffer capacity by 13.4±2.25%, which contributes to a more effective remineralizing effect of calcium ions by calcium-binding proteins of mixed saliva. The concentration of fluoride ions in the saliva of patients of both groups increased by average rate of 34±0.5% per week. The combination of tin and fluoride is more effective than fluoride alone. The presence of tin ions causes a higher ability of fluorides to bind with calcium ions on the surface of the dentin and dentinal tubules, inhibits the process of demineralization, enhances the additive interaction of the ions forming the acid-resistant layer on the surface of the dentin and dentinal tubules, leading to a decrease in hyperesthesia of the teeth.Цель исследования - клинико-лабораторный анализ реминерализующих свойств и клинической эффективности курсового применения лечебно-профилактической зубной пасты Sensodyne Мгновенный Эффект для чувствительных зубов с фторидом олова. Обследованы 50 практически здоровых пациентов в возрасте от 18 до 25 лет, у которых диагностированы локализованная форма гиперестезии твердых тканей зубов и отсутствие признаков острого воспаления тканей пародонта. По истечении 7 дней клинического наблюдения и ежедневного использования данной зубной пасты гигиеническое состояние полости рта у всех пациентов улучшилось - индекс гигиены составил 1,02±0,2 единицы; индекс воспаления десны (РМА) - 8,0±1,5%; диагностировано отсутствие гиперестезии (1 балл, р≤0,05). Обследование пациентов через 14 и 28 дней подтвердило отсутствие боли в 100% случаев, органолептические свойства исследуемой зубной пасты также высоко оценены участниками. Проведенное лабораторное исследование показало, что у пациентов наблюдается увеличение значения рН смешанной слюны и происходит снижение ее буферной емкости на 13,4±2,25%, что способствует более эффективной реминерализирующей отдаче ионов кальция кальцийсвязывающими белками смешанной слюны. Концентрация ионов фтора в слюне пациентов обеих групп за 1 нед увеличивается в среднем на 34±0,5%. Сочетание олова и фторида более эффективно, чем применение только фторида. Присутствие ионов олова обусловливает более высокую способность фторидов к связыванию с ионами кальция на поверхности дентина и дентинных канальцев, ингибирует процесс деминерализации, усиливает аддитивное взаимодействие ионов, формирующих кислотоустойчивый слой на поверхности дентина и дентинных канальцев, приводящее к снижению гиперестезии зубов

Clinical-laboratory analysis of effectiveness of application of anti-inflammatory toothpastes in gingivitis patients

Successful conservative periodontal therapy of patients with periodontal inflammation assumes constant supporting treatment which involves patient’s ability to maintain satisfactory oral hygiene and personal commitment to use recommended therapeutic and prophylactic tooth pastes. The article presents clinical laboratory analysis of effects of modern tooth pastes (TP) on tooth tissue, periodontium and oral mucosa. Clinical effectiveness of Parodontax Ultra Clean and Рarodontax Complete Protection is assessed for patients with gingivitis. Examination is carried out in 60 patients, three groups are formed. The joint research conducted by the Department of Preventive Dentistry and Propedeutics of Dental Disease, the Department of General Chemistry of Ural State Medical University and Department of Control Systems Modeling of Ural State Federal University made it possible to asses and calculate the efficiency of TP based on dynamic indices, parameters of oral condition and mixed saliva of participants along with patients’ survey results before and after the treatment course of TP, thus, proving benefits of each TP.Результативная консервативная пародонтальная терапия у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями пародонта предполагает проведение постоянной поддерживающей терапии, заключающейся в умении пациента сохранять удовлетворительное гигиеническое состояние полости рта и личную приверженность в использовании рекомендованных зубных паст с лечебно-профилактическим эффектом. В статье представлен клинико-лабораторный анализ воздействия современных зубных паст (ЗП) на ткани зуба, пародонта и слизистую оболочку полости рта. Выполнена оценка клинической эффективности применения ЗП «Parodontax Ультра Очищение» и «Рarodontax Комплексная Защита» у больных с гингивитом. В исследовании приняли участие 60 пациентов, сформировано три группы. Совместная исследовательская работа кафедры терапевтической стоматологии и пропедевтики стоматологических заболеваний, кафедры общей химии УГМУ и кафедры моделирования управляемых систем УрФУ позволила оценить и рассчитать эффективность применения ЗП на основании динамически изменяющихся индексных оценок, показателей состояния полости рта и смешанной слюны участников, а также результатов анкетирования пациентов до и после курсового применения ЗП, обосновывая таким образом преимущества использования каждой из ни

High prevalence of genotype B0/W148 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among HIV-TB patients in Perm Krai and Irkutsk Region

Background. The population with HIV-infection plays significant role in ongoing tuberculosis pandemic. Immunosuppression due to HIV-infection is one of the causes of TB disseminated forms in this group of people. Having low immune status is also often associated with a polyclonal M. tuberculosis infection. Aim of the research: comparative assessment of epidemic genotypes of M. tuberculosis prevalence and mixed genotypes identification within HlV-TB co-infected patients in two Russian regions. Materials and methods. The DNAs of 78 clinical isolates from Irkutsk Region (IR) and 64 strains from Perm Krai (PK) have been genotyped by MIRU VNTR 24 and RD105/RD207. Strains were obtained from patients who did not have significant age and sex differences. In the PK age of the patients was 34.5 ± 0.9, in IR - 34.4 ± 1.5 years. The samples were obtained from 67.2 and 65.4 % of men, respectively. Result. The study of the M. tuberculosis indicates significant predominance of Beijing genotype strains in patients with TB-HIV of PK (92.2 %) compared to the IR (59.5 %) (х2 = 18.0; p < 0.01). The prevalence of MDR pathogens in TB-HIV patients exceeded 50 %. The mixed genotype detection in the PK and IR was high (14.1 and 12.7 % respectively). The level of virulent strains B0/W148 was 34.4 % in PK patients and 25.3 % in IR ones. Analysis of the results suggests the epidemic spread of MDR-TB in the immunocompromised individuals. Conclusions: The identified trends may indicate that Perm Kray have a process of active dissemination of transmissible strains of M. tuberculosis within HIV-infected population

Orthopedic rehabilitation of elderly cancer patients as a technology of longevity

Defects after resection of the upper jaw lead to communication of the oral cavity with the nasal cavity, chewing disorders, aesthetic problems and other functional disorders. The aim of the study is to assess the dental status and quality of life of elderly patients with upper jaw defects, as a technology of longevity, at the stage of orthopedic rehabilitation. 24 patients were examined, divided into two groups of 12 people aged from 58 to 74 years. The main group – patients after resection of the upper jaw for malignant neoplasms. Buccal epithelial cells and quality of life of patients were studied before and after prosthetics. After orthopedic rehabilitation, there is a tendency to restore the barrier properties of the oral mucosa and improve the quality of life of patients. Orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with upper jaw defects using obturator prostheses is an appropriate and non-invasive method of treatment for the elderly

BIOFILM FORMATION INDUCED BY CLINICAL ISOLATES OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

Abstract. The data proving low probability of observing Biofilm Formation (BF) by contemporary clinical strains of M. tuberculosis growing on liquid medium in vitro are discussed. A hypothesis about the role of MDR/XDR development hindering BF production was proposed. It was found that strains capable of producing BF grow on Lewenstein–Jensen medium generated R-form specific colonies shaped as a disk with a convex center, “UFO-colonies”. Sixty seven “UFO”- strains were investigated to BF production, resistance to antibiotics and their belonging to the main epidemics clusters of the Beijing genotype (CC1 and CC2-W148). It was shown that MDR/XDR strains were also capable of BF production that, however, was remarkably more frequent in strains of CC1 and CC2-W148 genotypes. Thus, it was hypothesized that BF production might potentially influence an outcome of chronic forms of TB-infection