Non-invasive electromagnetic detection of prostate cancer: efficiency analysis

Introduction. Early diagnosis of cancer is one of the most important international strategies. Malignant and healthy tissues differ in the interaction with electromagnetic waves. Pilot studies show a potential perspective for non-invasive analysis of electromagnetic anisotropy in biological tissues.Objective. To assess the diagnostic importance of the electromagnetic detection of prostate cancer (PCa) within the prospective study.Materials & methods. One hundred and twenty-four patients were included to undergo a prostate biopsy, transurethral prostate resection, or radical prostatectomy. The investigators did not have information on their clinical details. Research technique: the probe was applied to the perineal region, turning it in three planes. A reduction of the 465 MHz band below a threshold was fixed and was considered suspect for PCa. The results of electromagnetic evaluation were compared with the findings of a pathomorphological study after biopsy or surgery.Results. Fourty-seven true-positive and 21 true-negative results were detected, 20 false-negative and 46 false-positive (follow-up group as potentially true-positive group). The overall sensitivity was 82%, specificity – 31%. The positive and negative predictive values were 73% and 62%, respectively. The accuracy of the method was 54%.Conclusion. Early PCa stage could be a reason for many false-positive results and low specificity, as a result. PCa detection is significantly reduced with lesions less than 3 mm, therefore patients with false-positive results were placed in the follow-up group. Patients’ examination with the TRIMprob TM («Galileo Avionica» SpA, Torino, Italy) could increase the early PCa detection at the screening. The research is currently ongoing

Assessing the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on the severity of erectile dysfunction: a multivariate statistical analysis

Introduction. The American Heart Association identifies 7 major factors that affect the condition of the vascular wall: smoking, blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose, body mass index, physical activity, and diet. The vascular wall lesions most often manifest clinically as vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). Consequently, evaluating patients for the presence of the above risk factors can not only help in the treatment of ED, but can also significantly increase the chances of early detection of cardiac pathology.Purpose of the study. To assess cardiovascular disorder markers’ role in prognosing of the presence or absence of ED and its severity.Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients aged 33 – 60 years. Erectile function was assessed using the device «Androscan – MIT» ("Minimally invasive technologies" LLC, Moscow, Russian Federation) and the IIEF-15 questionnaire. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 12 («StatSoft Inc.», Tusla, CA, USA) и IBMÒ SPSS Statistics 26 («SPSS: An IBM Company», IBM SPSS Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).Results. For patients with more severe ED, a greater deviation of the parameters studied from normal is typical. The most significant impact on the detection of different ED degrees using the device «Androscan – MIT» had TC, HDL, LDL, RP, BMI, triglycerides и HbA1c levels. Based on the androscanning data, a classification tree with two branches (branching conditions — the level of TC and LDL) and four terminal vertices (depending on the degree of ED) was obtained. There were no classification errors predicting ED degrees, which in this case indicates the good significance of the mathematical prediction. Only IIEF-15 scores had the greatest impact on ED detection using IIEF-15. The only condition for branching when constructing classification trees was the number of IIEF-15 points (two branches with three terminal vertices were obtained).Conclusion. Cardiovascular risk factors are predictors of vascular ED, detected by androscanning, while the widespread IIEF-15 questionnaire remains completely dependent on subjective feelings of patients without relying on laboratory and instrumental research methods

Высокоинтенсивный фокусированный ультразвук в лечении рака предстательной железы

Background. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a method of delivering acoustic energy to a focal point, thus destroying it and causing coagulation necrosis. Repeating the fires, the whole needed volume of organ can be treated without damaging the adjacent tissue. Objective. To establish the clinical efficacy and safety of HIFU in the treatment of prostate cancer on the basis of the authors’ 3-year experience in applying this technique.Materials and methods. A total of 101 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer (and 2 more patients had only high-grade PIN) have been treated in our clinic using an Ablatherm® device. Seventy-one of them were enrolled in this study. They were followed from sixth months to three years at a regular interval, the follow-up included PSA measurement and control sextant biopsies.Results. The median PSA nadir 1.5Р3.0 months after treatment ranged from 0.10 (in the low-risk localized prostate cancer group) to 2.50 ng/mL (in patients with a disseminated process). Negative control biopsies were in 75—80% of patients with localized prostate cancer and in 64—75% of the patients with disseminated process. Of all the patients, 91% underwent transurethral resection of the prostate before HIFU treatment. Such combination improved the efficacy of HIFU and reduced the treatment-related morbidity significantly. Grades 2 and 3 stress incontinence was observed in 1.9 and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. No other severe complications were recorded. Erectile function was preserved in 69.94% of the patients.Conclusion. Our results demonstrated the efficacy and low-associated morbidity of HIFU. HIFU does not exclude other treatment options and is repeatable if needed. HIFU seems to be a valid alternative treatment for patients who are not suitable for radical surgery.Background. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a method of delivering acoustic energy to a focal point, thus destroying it and causing coagulation necrosis. Repeating the fires, the whole needed volume of organ can be treated without damaging the adjacent tissue. Objective. To establish the clinical efficacy and safety of HIFU in the treatment of prostate cancer on the basis of the authors’ 3-year experience in applying this technique.Materials and methods. A total of 101 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer (and 2 more patients had only high-grade PIN) have been treated in our clinic using an Ablatherm® device. Seventy-one of them were enrolled in this study. They were followed from sixth months to three years at a regular interval, the follow-up included PSA measurement and control sextant biopsies.Results. The median PSA nadir 1.5Р3.0 months after treatment ranged from 0.10 (in the low-risk localized prostate cancer group) to 2.50 ng/mL (in patients with a disseminated process). Negative control biopsies were in 75—80% of patients with localized prostate cancer and in 64—75% of the patients with disseminated process. Of all the patients, 91% underwent transurethral resection of the prostate before HIFU treatment. Such combination improved the efficacy of HIFU and reduced the treatment-related morbidity significantly. Grades 2 and 3 stress incontinence was observed in 1.9 and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. No other severe complications were recorded. Erectile function was preserved in 69.94% of the patients.Conclusion. Our results demonstrated the efficacy and low-associated morbidity of HIFU. HIFU does not exclude other treatment options and is repeatable if needed. HIFU seems to be a valid alternative treatment for patients who are not suitable for radical surgery

навчальний посібник

Цивільне право України: у 2-х ч.: ч. 1: навч. посіб. / [ Апанасюк М. П., Батожська О. В., Бондар О. Г. та ін.]; за заг. ред. В. А. Кройтора, Кухарєва О. Є., Ткалича М. О. – Запоріжжя: [б.в.], 2016. – 284 с.Навчальний посібник розроблено колективом кафедри цивільного права та процесу Харківського національного університету внутрішніх справ та кафедри цивільного права Запорізького національного університету. Посібник буде корисним студентам, викладачам, науковцям і всім, хто цікавиться проблемами цивільного права.The textbook was developed by the staff of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs and the Department of Civil Law of Zaporizhia National University. The guide will be useful for students, teachers, scholars and anyone interested in civil law issues.Учебное пособие разработано коллективом кафедры гражданского права и процесса Харьковского национального университета внутренних дел и кафедры гражданского права Запорожского национального университета. Пособие будет полезно студентам, преподавателям, научным работникам и всем, кто интересуется проблемами гражданского права

навчальний посібник

Цивільне право України: у 2-х ч.: ч. 2: навч. посіб. / [Аврамова О. Є., Апанасюк М. П., Батожська О. В. та ін.]; за заг. ред. В. А. Кройтора, Кухарєва О. Є., Ткалича М. О. – Запоріжжя: [б.в.], 2016. – 385 с.Навчальний посібник розроблено колективом кафедри цивільного права та процесу Харківського національного університету внутрішніх справ та кафедри цивільного права Запорізького національного університету. Посібник буде корисним студентам, викладачам, науковцям і всім, хто цікавиться проблемами цивільного права.The textbook was developed by the staff of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs and the Department of Civil Law of Zaporizhia National University. The guide will be useful for students, teachers, scholars and anyone interested in civil law issues.Учебное пособие разработано коллективом кафедры гражданского права и процесса Харьковского национального университета внутренних дел и кафедры гражданского права Запорожского национального университета. Пособие будет полезно студентам, преподавателям, научным работникам и всем, кто интересуется проблемами гражданского права

навчальний посібник

Сучасні проблеми цивільного права та процесу : навч. посіб. / [О. Є. Аврамова, О. І. Антонюк, М. П. Апанасюк та інш.], за ред. Ю. М. Жорнокуя, Л. В. Красицької; МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ. – Харків : Право, 2017. – 808 с. - ISBN 978-966-937-320-5.У навчальному посібнику розглянуто проблемні питання цивільного права та процесу, зокрема, загальні положення цивільного права та цивільного процесу, суб’єктний склад цивільних та цивільних процесуальних відносин; розкрито основні положення вчення про особисті немайнові права, речове право; проаналізовано особливості правового регулювання відносин, пов’язаних з інтелектуальною, творчою діяльністю; висвітлено проблеми зобов’язального, сімейного та спадкового права; розкрито основні аспекти вчення про цивільні процесуальні відносини, принципи цивільного процесуального права; висвітлено проблемні питання процесуальних строків, перегляду судових рішень та інші актуальні питання сучасної цивілістики. Наведено аналіз теоретичних поглядів з обраної тематики, судової практики, законодавства України та інших країн. Для здобувачів вищої освіти ступенів магістра та доктора філософії, науковців, практикуючих правників, а також усіх, хто цікавиться проблемами цивільного права та процесу.The manual is the result of long-term scientific research and the search of authors in the area of determining the problems of civil law. The authors of the article have studied the characteristics of general provisions of civil law and civil procedure, their parties, objects, the doctrine of personal non-property rights, material law, relations related to intellectual, creative activity, problems of obligatory, family and succession relations, the doctrine of civil procedural relations, the problems of determining the concept, system and content of certain principles of civil procedural law, procedural terms, proving and evidence in the civil procedure, as well as features of reviewing court judgments. An analysis of theoretical views on this topic, court practice, legislation of other countries has been provided. The manual is for students of law educational institutions and MA students, scholars and practitioners, postgraduate students, as well as all those interested in civil law and civil procedure.В учебном пособии рассмотрены проблемные вопросы гражданского права и процесса, в частности, общие положения гражданского права и гражданского процесса, субъектный состав гражданских и гражданских процессуальных отношений; раскрыты основные положения учения о личных неимущественных правах, вещное право, проанализированы особенности правового регулирования отношений, связанных с интеллектуальной, творческой деятельностью; освещены проблемы обязательственного, семейного и наследственного права; раскрыты основные аспекты учения о гражданских процессуальные отношения, принципы гражданского процессуального права; освещены проблемные вопросы процессуальных сроков, пересмотра судебных решений и другие актуальные вопросы современной цивилистики. Приведен анализ теоретических взглядов по выбранной тематике, судебной практики, законодательства Украины и других стран. Для соискателей высшего образования степеней магистра и доктора философии, ученых, практикующих юристов, а также всех, кто интересуется проблемами гражданского права и процесса

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of prostate cancer

Background. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a method of delivering acoustic energy to a focal point, thus destroying it and causing coagulation necrosis. Repeating the fires, the whole needed volume of organ can be treated without damaging the adjacent tissue. Objective. To establish the clinical efficacy and safety of HIFU in the treatment of prostate cancer on the basis of the authors’ 3-year experience in applying this technique.Materials and methods. A total of 101 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer (and 2 more patients had only high-grade PIN) have been treated in our clinic using an Ablatherm® device. Seventy-one of them were enrolled in this study. They were followed from sixth months to three years at a regular interval, the follow-up included PSA measurement and control sextant biopsies.Results. The median PSA nadir 1.5Р3.0 months after treatment ranged from 0.10 (in the low-risk localized prostate cancer group) to 2.50 ng/mL (in patients with a disseminated process). Negative control biopsies were in 75—80% of patients with localized prostate cancer and in 64—75% of the patients with disseminated process. Of all the patients, 91% underwent transurethral resection of the prostate before HIFU treatment. Such combination improved the efficacy of HIFU and reduced the treatment-related morbidity significantly. Grades 2 and 3 stress incontinence was observed in 1.9 and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. No other severe complications were recorded. Erectile function was preserved in 69.94% of the patients.Conclusion. Our results demonstrated the efficacy and low-associated morbidity of HIFU. HIFU does not exclude other treatment options and is repeatable if needed. HIFU seems to be a valid alternative treatment for patients who are not suitable for radical surgery