Polypectomy of Esophageal Polyp Due to Esophagitis

Esophageal polyp can be found by chance during endoscopic examination. Polyps can be formed by changes in the esophageal mucosa due to reflux esophagitis. We report a case of multiple esophageal polyp in a patient with complaints of recurrent regurgitation without heartburn. Endoscopy demonstrated multiple polyps at the distal esophagus. Anatomic pathology evaluation of the polyp demonstrated mucosa lined with squamous epithels demonstrating elongation of the papilla and deposition of acute and chronic inflammatory cells, indicating chronic esophagitis with hyperplastic epithels. In this case, we conducted recurrent ligation of the multiple polyps. Evaluation at 2 weeks after the final ligation demonstrated no polyp remains, and the post-ligation ulcer was found. Evaluation at 1 month following treatment found diminished complaints. From this case, we can conclude that endoscopy is an important investigation modality to establish the diagnosis in cases of chronic gastrointestinal complaints. Ligation is a choice for the management of esophageal polyps

Specific Subjective Symptoms for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Ulcer Like Dyspepsia

Background: The Aim of study is to identify specific subjective symptoms for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), GERD proportion in ulcer like dyspepsia and the correlation between specific subjective symptoms for GERD and endoscopic examination Result in ulcer like dyspepsia Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 67 patients with ulcer like dyspepsia. The patient's history of illness was taken, and physical and endoscopic examinations were performed. A questionnaire on dyspepsia symptoms was completed. Data analysis was performed to identify the correlation between subjective symptoms and endoscopic examination results using chi-square test. T test was performed to determine the correlation between dyspepsia scores and endoscopic results. Result: Subjective symptoms that correlated with endoscopic results were severe epigastric pain (p=0.080) and the absence of bloating (p=0.055). Dyspepsia scores did not correlate with endoscopic examination results (p=0.725). Conclusion: Specific subjective symptoms for GERD in clinical dyspepsia-like ulcer were severe epigastric pain and absence of bloating. The proportion of such symptoms in ulcer like dyspepsia could assist clinical diagnosis of GERD

Colorectal Polyp Evaluation Management and Its Role in Gastrointestinal Tract Malignancy

Colorectal polyp is one of important factors that have roles in developing Malignancy of lower gastrointestinal tract. Adenomatous polyp is the most common colorectal polyps and it has been known as a lesion precursor for transformation process in developing gastrointestinal Malignancy. Such transformation is known as adenocarcinoma sequence, a long-term process which usually does not elaborate any symptoms and remains asymptomatic. Since most colorectal polyps are asymptomatic, they are usually undiscovered at the time of diagnosis and results to the increasing case of Malignancy especially the colorectal cancer. Considering that colorectal cancer still becomes one of the most common causes of death and morbidity worldwide, early detection and elimination of colorectal polyp may have a significant role in preventing lower gastrointestinal tract Malignancy

The decay of 147Nd

Precision energy measurements on 8 gamma rays in the 147Nd-->147Pm decay were made with a 2m curved-crystal spectrometer. Energies of the 6 other gamma rays were determined with a Ge(Li) spectrometer. The relative intensities of all gamma rays were determined. A level scheme is proposed for 147Pm which includes a new level at 680.4 keV. Evidence is given to support the exclusion of several levels reported by earlier investigators. Results are compared with predictions of intermediate coupling theory.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/33320/1/0000715.pd

Clinical Profile and Outcome of Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Relation to Timing of Endoscopic Procedure in Patients Undergoing Elective Endoscopy

Background: Endoscopy is the most accurate method for diagnosing the source of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation between the timing of elective endoscopy and the length of hospital stay, the amount of transfusion given and incidence of recurrent bleeding or patient mortality. Method: A retrospective study was conducted in all patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding who had experienced elective endoscopy at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between January 2007 and August 2008. Identification of clinical risk using clinical Rockall score was performed at the emergency room. Persistent bleeding, recurrent bleeding, surgical treatment and death were the outcome variables. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square/fisher exact test and linear regression. Results: There were 40 eligible cases with mean age of 53 ± 13 years; the greatest occurrence was at the age group of 50-59 years (12%), male (52.5%) and those who had clinical symptom of melena (52.5%). Twenty seven (67.5%) patients had Rockall score of 1-3 points and 13 (32.5%) had 4-6 points. There was only one patient who had adherent clots (Forrest grade II B). Endoscopy results revealed that the most common cause of bleeding was gastric ulcer, which occurred in 12 (30%) patients. There was no correlation between the timing of endoscopic procedures and outcome variable; however the length of hospital stay had a significant correlation with timing of endoscopic procedures. Conclusion: Elective endoscopy does not affect the variables of mortality and recurrent bleeding; however, it affects the length of hospital stay. Further prospective studies are required to find causal relation between them

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE USE OF SOUND AND ACOUSTICS IN IGBO CULTURAL COMMUNICATION

Language had been a veritable tool for communication among homo sapiens and had been described as human specific. However, there are several extra linguistic forms of communication that have been made possible also by sound and acoustic effects as in language production. Based on the foregoing, the paper investigates non verbal forms of communication among the Igbo people of the south eastern Nigeria. The production of sounds and acoustic effects from various traditional instruments are studied. Also, also various parts of the body other than the normal vocal sounds are investigated. Furthermore, the paper studied the use of these sounds in communication, especially in cultural communication among the Igbo people. We adopt the descriptive survey method and use the theoretical framework of oramedia an aspect ethno-cultural communication in exploring the dynamics of extra-linguistic sounds in Igbo cultural communication. The paper discovers that sound patterns and acoustic effects (extra linguistic) other than the sounds from the vocal tract system of man play a significant role in human communication, especially in cultural communication. Key words: sound, acoustic effects, extra-linguistic communication, non verbal communication, cultural communicatio

Management of Duodenal Ulcer with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) with Intravenous Pantoprazole

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective anti secretory drugs available for controlling gastric acid acidity and volume. They are the drug of choice in the treatment for gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD), Helicobacter pylori eradication, peptic ulcer and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) gastropathy: For acute cases, an intravenous PPI is needed, especially for hospitalized patient. Recently, intravenous pantoprazole represents an alternative to intravenous histamine-2 receptor antagonists. We observed 2 patients who were treated with pantoprazole for duodenal ulcer, where one case had a complication of bleeding with a history of long term use of NSAID. After two weeks of treatment with pantoprazole, significant lesion healing from endoscopy findings was achieved in both cases