Influence of higher d-wave gap harmonics on the dynamical magnetic susceptibility of high-temperature superconductors

Using a fermiology approach to the computation of the magnetic susceptibility measured by neutron scattering in hole-doped high-Tc superconductors, we estimate the effects on the incommensurate peaks caused by higher d-wave harmonics of the superconducting order parameter induced by underdoping. The input parameters for the Fermi surface and d-wave gap are taken directly from angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) experiments on Bi{2}Sr{2}CaCu{2}O{8+x} (Bi2212). We find that higher d-wave harmonics lower the momentum dependent spin gap at the incommensurate peaks as measured by the lowest spectral edge of the imaginary part in the frequency dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of Bi2212. This effect is robust whenever the fermiology approach captures the physics of high-Tc superconductors. At energies above the resonance we observe diagonal incommensurate peaks. We show that the crossover from parallel incommensuration below the resonance energy to diagonal incommensuration above it is connected to the values and the degeneracies of the minima of the 2-particle energy continuum.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure

'First, do no harm': the role of negative emotions and moral disengagement in understanding the relationship between workplace aggression and misbehavior

Workplace aggression is a critical phenomenon particularly in the healthcare sector, where nurses are especially at risk of bullying and third-party aggression. While workplace aggression has been frequently examined in relation to health problems, less is known about the possible negative impact such aggression may have on the (un)ethical behavior of victims. Our research aims to fill this gap. Drawing on literature on counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and the social-cognitive literature on aggression we investigated in two independent studies (NStudy1 = 439; NStudy2 = 416), the role of negative emotions - in particular anger, fear, and sadness, - and of moral disengagement (MD) in the paths between workplace aggression, CWB and health symptoms. The focus on these relationships is rooted in two reasons. First, misbehavior at work is a pervasive phenomenon worldwide and second, little research has been conducted in the healthcare sector on this type of behavior despite the potential importance of the issue in this context. We empirically tested our hypotheses considering a specific form of workplace aggression in each study: workplace bullying or third-party aggression. Results from the two empirical studies confirm the hypotheses that being target of workplace aggression (bullying or third-party aggression) is not only associated with health symptoms but also with misbehavior. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling attest the importance of examining specific discrete negative emotions and MD for better understanding misbehavior at work. In particular, this research shows for the first time that anger, fear, and sadness, generally aggregated into a single dimension, are indeed differently associated with MD, misbehavior and health symptoms. Specifically, in line with the literature on discrete emotions, while sadness is only associated with health symptoms, anger and fear are related to both health and misbehavior

Caveolin-1, breast cancer and ionizing radiation

Breast cancer (BC) recovery has increased in recent years thanks to efforts of Omics-based research in this field. However, despite the important results obtained, BC remains a complex multifactorial pathology that is difficult to treat appropriately. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), the basic constituent protein of specialized plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae, is emerging as a potential therapeutic biomarker in BC. This factor may modulate BC response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In addition, recent reports describe the key role of CAV1 during cell response to oxidative stress. The aim of the present review was to describe the biological roles of CAV1 in BC considering its contrasting dual functions as an oncogene and as a tumor suppressor. In addition, we report on how CAV1 may contribute to tumor cell response to ionizing radiation treatment. Finally, new roles of CAV1 in BC both on epithelium and stroma may be useful as prognostic indicators for patient treatment and help clinicians in the selection of the best personalized therapy

Healthcare Co-production and the Indirect Government Paradigm: addressing the managerial challenges

This qualitative study focuses on the relevant organizational challenges of co-production for the public healthcare system at the micro-level, that of the providers: the hospitals, trust, local health communities, etc. To build this complex picture the authors use a framework developed in the field of policy studies. An analysis and discussion of the scientific literature on the implications of the co-production options highlights the implementation gaps and the as-yet unsolved organizational puzzles and how they are managed in actual practice. The study considers co-production as an indirect tool of government and maps a research agenda of the knowledge gaps and open issues in extant literature

Healthcare services and the co-production challenge : insights for engaging unwilling patterns

The need to reconcile effectiveness with shrinking budgets is pushing contemporary health services to develop co-production practices. But the patient is often an unwilling client and patient engagement with both their therapy and the relative organizational system remains largely unexplored. The article analyzes an Italian hospital\u2019s co-production initiative and uses the results to reflect on what key factors impact the efficacy and the efficiency of healthcare co-production. The empirical evidence indicates that a) the socio-organizational conditions of both the patients and the relevant actors must be taken into account to achieve the truly meaningful engagement of the patient, as opposed to merely symbolic acceptance in co-production practices, as opposed to just their symbolic acceptance; b) no divide exists between organizational production and client co-production, rather, it is a relationship of interdependence that in turn raises critical issues; and c) to take a significant step forward in our understanding of co-production and its managerial challenges we must perforce combine the use of public management studies and health psychology studie

Square vortex lattice at anomalously low magnetic fields in electron-doped Nd1.85_{1.85}Ce0.15_{0.15}CuO4_{4}

We report here on the first direct observations of the vortex lattice in the bulk of electron-doped Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{0.15}$CuO$_{4}$ single crystals. Using small angle neutron scattering, we have observed a square vortex lattice with the nearest-neighbors oriented at 45$^{\circ}$ from the Cu-O bond direction, which is consistent with theories based on the d-wave superconducting gap. However, the square symmetry persists down to unusually low magnetic fields. Moreover, the diffracted intensity from the vortex lattice is found to decrease rapidly with increasing magnetic field.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

Direct observation of the flux-line vortex glass phase in a type II superconductor

The order of the vortex state in La_{1.9} Sr_{0.1} CuO_{4} is probed using muon spin rotation and small-angle neutron scattering. A transition from a Bragg glass to a vortex glass is observed, where the latter is composed of disordered vortex lines. In the vicinity of the transition the microscopic behavior reflects a delicate interplay of thermally-induced and pinning-induced disorder.Comment: 14 pages, 4 colour figures include

Co-production in healthcare: moving patient engagement towards a managerial approach

The pressure toward co-produced health services is increasing as an answer to quality improvement and system sustainability. However, the reflection and the empirical knowledge on the nature of co-production and on how healthcare practices change in order to manage effective partnerships between clients and professionals remain scant. The chapter addresses this gap by analysing how the concept of co-production is used and investigated in the healthcare literature. Specifically, it focuses on two key perspectives that vary significantly on the issues of who the co-producing health authors are; what the domains of co-production are; and how to stimulate and support patients in their role of co-producers. The first perspective frames co-production as focusing on individual patient engagement and on the bilateral clinical dimension of relations with the medical staff. The second recognises co-production as a complex system of multiple relations between a cast of both single (patients, informal caregivers, clinical staff) and collective actors (the healthcare providers such as hospitals, trusts, local health communities), that involves patients in different service delivery phases and focuses on the change in the production processes when value is co-produced

Healthcare Co-production and the indirect governance toolkit: demystifying the organizational puzzle

Background The economic meltdown, coupled with the public-sector legitimacy crisis, forced public services to reconcile increasing demand with decreasing resources and, at the same time, unleashed a wave of criticism on traditional service delivery patterns. One remedy to this challenge that is gaining an increasing attention is co-production - defined as engaging citizens and, more generally, voluntary and non-profit organizations in the production of public services (Alford, 2009; Pestoff, Osborne, & Brandsen, 2006; Thomas, 2013; van Eijk & Steen, 2013). Social and health services are the most elective co-production practices in the public sector, but set the healthcare providers two major challenges. The first is to engage the patient, an ongoing process that calls for this latter to actively participate in their healthcare plan (Coulter, Parsons, & Askham, 2008). The second is to ensure that the patient engages with both their therapy and the hospital organizational system by managing the interdependency within and between \u2018organizational production and client co-production\u2019 (Alford & O'Flynn, 2012, p. 182) in order to govern the healthcare organization\u2019s interactions (Alford, 2009; Brandsen & van Hout, 2008). Aim This qualitative study analyses and discusses the relevant organizational challenges of co-production for the public healthcare system at the micro-level, that of the providers \u2013 hospitals, trust, local health communities, etc. The paper highlights the implementation gaps and the as-yet unsolved organizational puzzles through an analysis and discussion of the scientific literature on the implications of co-production practices and on how they are managed in actual practice. Theoretical framework The co-production analysis is informed by the \u201cindirect government\u201d conceptual framework to gain access to the set of tools that \u2018rely heavily on a wide assortment of \u201cthird parties\u201d to deliver publicly financed services and pursue publicly authorized purposes\u2019 (Salamon, 2002, p. 2). Unlike traditional direct-government methods, this approach to public problem-solving sets fresh, sometimes unprecedented challenges and brings into play new capabilities and tools. It is not, therefore, something that \u2018self-implements\u2019. On the whole, co-production is a form of indirect government requiring \u201cconcerted action across multiple sectors\u201d (Kettl, 2006, p. 14) and actors and the taking on of new responsibilities. Kettl (2002) calls for a management approach that encompasses three key components: process (managing programs by structuring contracts and by tracking money); people (addressing people problems and the indirect government skill set); and performance (reinventing government and the performance puzzle). Research method The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one entailed an systematic interdisciplinary review of the public administration, management, and public policy literatures, mostly by trawling the main electronic databases to find scholarly articles on co-production in healthcare services. This first step enabled us to identify the theoretical and empirical contributions that investigate co-production from the specific viewpoint of the service providers. Phase two inventoried the themes, approaches and key findings of this subset of articles to draw a fairly clear picture of the conditions and capabilities needed by the healthcare providers to manage the organizational implications of co-production. Kettl\u2019s conceptual framework is the basis on which the results are then discussed and compared. Contribution 1) Up-to-date overview of the research on co-production in healthcare services. 2) Analysis of the co-production organizational challenges and how these are addressed in the practice. 3) Insights and policy indications for public managers on how government can play a supportive role in the delivery of co-produced healthcare services. References Alford, J. (2009). Engaging Public Sector Clients. From Service-Delivery to Co-production. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Alford, J., & O'Flynn, J. (2012). Rethinking Public Service Delivery. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Brandsen, T., & van Hout, E. (2008). Co-Management in Public Service Networks. The organizational effects. In V. Pestoff & T. Brandsen (Eds.), Co-Production. The Third Sector and the Delivery of Public Services (pp. 45-58). London: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Coulter, A., Parsons, S., & Askham, J. (2008). Where are the patients in decision-making about their own care? Kettl, D. F. (2002). Managing indirect government. In L. M. Salamon (Ed.), The tools of government. A Guide to the New Governance (pp. 490-510). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kettl, D. F. (2006). Managing Boundaries in American Administration: the Collaboration Imperative. Public Administration Review, 66(Special Issue), 10-19. Pestoff, V., Osborne, S. P., & Brandsen, T. (2006). Patterns of co-production in public services. Public Management Review, 8(4), 591-595. Salamon, L. M. (Ed.). (2002). The tools of government. A Guide to the New Governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Thomas, J. C. (2013). Citizen, Customer, Partner: Rethinking the Place of the Public in Public Management. Public Administration Review, 73(6), 786-796. van Eijk, C. J. A., & Steen, T. P. S. (2013). Why People Co-Produce: Analysing citizens\u2019 perceptions on co-planning engagement in health care services. Public Management Review, 16(3), 358-382