Charcoal (Biochar) as soil conditioner to enhance fertilizers and water use efficiency in agriculture in acid tropical soils in the Central Amazon Basin

This article summarize result of many experiments conducted in 15 years of research with biochar in nursery and field experiments in the Central Amazon

Plant extract of Ruta graveolens standardized in furanocoumarins: resistance elicitorin rice plants against Magnaporthe oryzae.

We explored furanocoumarin compounds extracted from herb Ruta graveolens to suppress the blast rice disease by eliciting rice systemic resistance pathways. The plant material was subjected to the extraction method by percolation with 80% hydroethanolic solution, which allowed the obtaining of the furanocoumarins, that were monitored by HPLC.Tests were carried out in vitro and in greenhouse. The experimental design was entirely randomized with 24 treatments and 3 replicates.The concentration of 6.75 mg/mL of extract providedthe highest chitinase activity in the period of 24 and 48 hours before inoculation with the pathogen, with the latter referring to 2.67 and 2.70 mg of glic.h -1.mg prot-1, respectively, for chitinase and 6.04 and 7.84 mg of gly.h -1.mg prot-1, respectively for β-1,3-glucanase.The concentrations of 0.7 mg/mL psoralen and 1.2 mg/mL bergapten strongly induced the defense mechanisms of rice plants translating in substantial reduction of disease severity in more than 90%.These results underscore the potential application of a plant extract containing furanocoumarins to mitigate the bursting burden of rice by increasing the mechanisms of systemic resistance. The use of plant extracts allows the reduction of the disease through several different mechanisms, which makes this strategy very efficient and innovative

Obtenção da farinha de bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart) na Casa do Artesão de Corumbá-MS.

A farinha de bocaiuva é um produto tradicional de Corumbá, muito utilizada para elaboração de gêneros alimentícios como, por exemplo, biscoitos, bolos, pães, mingau, etc. O presente trabalho descreve o processo de obtenção da farinha de bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart) realizado na Casa do Artesão de Corumbá-MS, a partir de entrevistas feitas com o artesão Sr Gilberto Rolon, principal produtor desta farinha em Corumbá e região. Foram coletados dados, informações e materiais, monitorando-se os equipamentos e utensílios que o artesão normalmente utiliza no processo. Juntamente com o Sr Gilberto a farinha de bocaiuva foi obtida, cujo rendimento foi avaliado durante o processo artesanal/mecânico a partir da matéria prima (polpa desidratada obtida artesanalmente) trazida de Comunidades da região. Primeiramente, a polpa desidratada foi selecionada conforme sua variação de cores (amarelo claro, amarelo escura, laranja avermelhada), em seguida o material foi exposto ao sol para a desidratação final. Misturouse as polpas pouco antes da trituração mecânica para obtenção da farinha. Observa-se que o rendimento da obtenção da farinha é de 72,8% um rendimento considerável a partir da matéria prima utilizada que ultrapassou o rendimento esperado pelo Sr Gilberto, ressaltamos que a farinha depende também da seleção da polpa e variação de cores. The flour of bocaiuva is a product traditional Corumbá, very used for elaboration of genres foods, such as for example biscuits, cakes, bread, porridge, etc.The present work describes the process of obtaining flour bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. Mart ex) held at the home of artisan Corumbá-MS, from interviews made with the craftsman Mr Gilberto Rolon, the main producer this flour on Corumbá and region. We collected data, information and materials, by monitoring the equipment and utensils that the craftsman normally uses in the process. Along with Mr. Gilberto the flour bocaiuva was obtained, whose the yield was valued during the process artisanal/ mechanic as from of raw materials (dehydrated pulp obtained artisanally) in brought the Communities the region. We first, the pulp dehydrated, was selected by the its of colors variation (light yellow, dark yellow, reddish orange), Then material was exposed to sunlight, for the dehydration the end. Mixed if the pulps shortly before trituration mechanics to obtain flour. It is observed that the yield of obtaining flour is 72.8% yield considerably from the raw material used which exceeded the expected yield by Mr. Gilberto, we emphasize that the flour also depends on the selection of pulps and color variation.Também em: SEMINÁRIO DE AGROECOLOGIA DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL, 4.; ENCONTRO DE PRODUTORES AGROECOLÓGICOS DE MS, 3., 2012, Glória de Dourados. O saber tradicional e o científico: a interação encurtando caminhos para o desenvolvimento sustentável: anais. Brasília, DF: Embrapa, 2012. 1 CD-ROM. Editado por: Leandro Fávio Carneiro, Milton Parron Padovan

Avaliação de sêmen congelado de bovinos. Provas lenta e rápida de termo-resistência: efeitos sobre a fertilidade.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de sêmen congelado, submetido as provas rápida e lenta de termo-resistência, sobre a fertilidade de fêmeas da espécie bovina

An approach on phytoalexins: function, characterization and biosynthesis in plants of the family Poaceae.

Phytoalexins are compounds that have been studied a few years ago, which present mainly antimicrobial activity. The plants of the family Poaceae are the most geographically widespread and stand out for their economic importance, once they are cereals used as staple food. This family stands out for having a variety of phytoalexins, which can be synthesized via the shikimic acid (the phenylpropanoids), or mevalonic acid, being considered terpenoid phytoalexins. The characterization of these compounds with antimicrobial activity is carried out using chromatographic techniques, and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry are the most efficient methods in this process. This research aimed to present an approach of the function, characterization and biosynthesis of phytoalexins in plants of the family Poaceae