Wide crossing technology for pigeonpea improvement

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan Millsp,) has ample genetic and genomic information now. It is endowed with rich germplasm in different gene pools. One of the easiest material to use in those are in the primary gene pool, which are closely related to cultivated pigeonpea. It is observed that species placed beyond the primary gene pool are a rich source of genetic variation. They contribute beneficial traits to pigeonpea such as pest or disease resistance, resistance to abiotic stresses, cytoplasmic male sterile systems (CMS) leading to yield improvement, and some novel traits such as homozygous pigeonpea lines. To effectively utilize the immense variation present in the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary gene pool of pigeonpea, a thorough knowledge of crossability and concerted effort is essential

Inheritance of sterility mosaic disease resistance to Bangalore and Patancheru isolates in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)

Sterility mosaic disease (SMD), is an important biotic constraint in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in Indiansubcontinent. It is caused by a virus and transmitted by eriophyid mites, Aceria cajani Channabasavanna. A comprehensive studyof variability in the sterility mosaic pathogen revealed the occurrence of five different isolates in India. Amongst them, threedistinct isolates have been characterised, viz., Bangalore, Patancheru and Coimbatore. Studies were conducted at Bangalore andPatancheru to determine the inheritance of resistance to Bangalore and Patancheru isolates of the SMD involving a resistant (ICP7035) and susceptible (TTB 7) genotypes. Observations in parents, F1 indicated dominance of susceptibility over resistance. Thedisease reaction of the individual F2 plant derived F3 families for Patancheru isolate was controlled by two genes with dominanceepistasis and for Bangalore isolate, absence of resistant plants indicate action of two or more genes in controlling resistance toSMD

Base catalyzed reaction of ethyl thioglycolate with β-aryl-β-(methylthio) acroleins: a general method for the synthesis of 2-carbethoxy-5-substituted/4,5-annulated thiophenes in high overall yields

(Methylthio) acroleins 1a–m were shown to be stable unlike their counterpart the chloroacroleins and their efficacy as 1,3-dielectrophilic properties have now been examined successfully in this work. They are shown to react with ethyl thioglycolate in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in boiling ethanol to yield the corresponding 5-substituted/4,5-annulated-2-carbethoxy thiophenes in 70–80 overall high yields

A new general method for the synthesis of thiophenes through acid mediated cyclization of mixed acetals derived from β-oxodithiates and bromoacetaldehyde acetal

β-oxodithioates react with bromoacetaldehyde diethylacetal in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in dimethyl formamide at 80°C to yield the corresponding mixed acetals. These acetals undergo smooth cyclization in the presence of ethanolic orthophosphoric acid to afford the corresponding 2-methylthio-3-acyl/aroyl/heteroaroyl thiophenes in 64–85 high overall yields

ChemInform Abstract: Base Catalyzed Reaction of Ethyl Thioglycolate with β-Aryl-β-(methylthio) Acroleins: A General Method for the Synthesis of 2-Carbethoxy-5-substituted/4,5-Annulated Thiophenes in High Overall Yields.

(Methylthio) acroleins 1a–m were shown to be stable unlike their counterpart the chloroacroleins and their efficacy as 1,3-dielectrophilic properties have now been examined successfully in this work. They are shown to react with ethyl thioglycolate in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in boiling ethanol to yield the corresponding 5-substituted/4,5-annulated-2-carbethoxy thiophenes in 70–80 overall high yields

Cytopathic effect of PPR vaccine virus strains in Vero cells

The present study describes the cytopathic effect of two different Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine virus strains presently being used in the country, in vero cells. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was visible from 4th day post infection in Sungri vaccine virus strain where as Arasur vaccine virus strain showed CPE, 36-48 hr post infection. With both vaccine virus strains the CPE in vero cells showed initial cell rounding, aggregation and syncytial development. The generalized CPE was noticed by 6th day in Sungri and by 96 hrs post infection in Arasur strain. However complete detachment of the cell monolayer was observed in Arasur strain by 120 hr, post infection. Infected coverslip cultures stained with H & E and May & Grunwald’s Giemsa showed cell vaculation, cytoplasmic extension and syncytia comprising of five to six nuclei. Acidophilic intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies were also observed. Titers, HA activity and detection by s-ELISA of both the vaccine virus strains are also compared. [Vet. World 2009; 2(3.000): 93-94

Base catalyzed reaction of 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol with α-oxoketene dithioacetals: a new general method for the synthesis of 2-methylthio-3-aroyl/heteroaroyl thiophenes

The α-oxoketene dithioacetals and 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol a dimer of mercapto acetaldehyde, react in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in boiling ethanol to yield the corresponding 2-(methylthio)-3-aroyl/heteroaroyl thiophenes in 55–70 overall yields

Synthesis of novel β-aryl-β-(methylthio)acroleins via Vilsmeier–Haack protocol as potential 1,3-dielectrophilic three-carbon building blocks

A new general route for the synthesis of novel β-aryl-β- (methylthio)acroleins, a class of stable potential 1,3-dielectrophilic synthons, has been reported. The overall protocol involves treatment of either β-chloroacroleins or their precursor iminium salts (generated in situ from the corresponding active methylene ketones under Vilsmeier-Haack reaction conditions) with S,S-dimethyldithiocarbonates (DDC)/aqueous KOH in either a one-pot or two-step process. The dimethyldithiocarbonate (DDC)/30% aqueous KOH has been shown to be an excellent source of methylthiolate anion

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Not AvailableBasic information on genetics and inheritance of quantitative characters, which is necessary to develop future breeding programme, is not widely studied in pigeonpea. Hence, present study was conducted among 5 generations in four pigeonpea crosses to know significance of additive-dominance model, gene action involved in inheritance of quantitative characters, heritability and genetic advance. “Scaling” and “joint scaling test” was significant for most characters indicating that additive-dominance model alone is not enough to explain the inheritance of a character. Though additive variance was more, dominance variance also played important role for most of the traits. Positive and negative alleles were found to be distributed between parents. Additive gene effect (d) was significant for pods per plant and seeds per pod whereas dominance gene effect (h) was more predominant among pod yield and seed yield. Dominance × Dominance inter-allelic interactions (l) was more important than Additive × Additive type (i) for most of the traits studied which could be exploited by selecting individuals based on their performance in recurrent selection. Complementary gene action was observed among many traits with few exhibiting duplicate gene action. Heritability and genetic advance was high indicating the effectiveness of selection. Since dominance effects is also present along with additive effects selection could be practised in later generations to identify high yielding genotypes.Not Availabl