33 research outputs found
MAGE-A3/4 and NY-ESO-1 antigens expression in metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
In the present study we analyzed immunohistochemical expression of MAGE-A 3/4 and NY-ESO-1 in 55 samples of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and their respective lymph node metastases. To our knowledge this is the first study to assess and compare the expression of these antigens in ESCC lymph node metastases
Hamiltonian analysis of Poincar\'e gauge theory scalar modes
The Hamiltonian constraint formalism is used to obtain the first explicit
complete analysis of non-trivial viable dynamic modes for the Poincar\'e gauge
theory of gravity. Two modes with propagating spin-zero torsion are analyzed.
The explicit form of the Hamiltonian is presented. All constraints are obtained
and classified. The Lagrange multipliers are derived. It is shown that a
massive spin- mode has normal dynamical propagation but the associated
massless is pure gauge. The spin- mode investigated here is also
viable in general. Both modes exhibit a simple type of ``constraint
bifurcation'' for certain special field/parameter values.Comment: 28 pages, LaTex, submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics
Almost-homogeneity of the universe in higher-order gravity
In the gravity theory, we show that if freely propagating
massless particles have an almost isotropic distribution, then the spacetime is
almost Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW). This extends the result proved
recently in general relativity (), which is applicable to the
microwave background after photon decoupling. The higher-order result is in
principle applicable to a massless species that decouples in the early
universe, such as a relic graviton background. Any future observations that
show small anisotropies in such a background would imply that the geometry of
the early universe were almost FRW.Comment: 14 pages LaTeX, no figures; to appear in General Relativity and
Gravitatio
Safety of Simultaneous Resections of Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases
Liver resection is the only potentially curative method for patients with colorectal
cancer metastases and 5-year survival rates are 20% ā 40%. Simultaneous resection of
colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases has been recommended if minor hepatectomy
is indicated. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the treatment of hepatic
colorectal secondaries and to assess the safety of simultaneous and delayed liver resections
and relations of morbidity to the extensiveness of hepatectomy and perioperative
factors. Analyzed were 21 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer operated
between 1997 and 1999 in the Clinical Hospital Ā»Sestre milosrdniceĀ«. Operating time
for simultaneous colorectal and liver resections was not significantly longer compared
to liver resections alone. No significant difference in complication rate was found after
simultaneous procedures and liver resection alone (38% vs. 31%). Complication rate after
major liver resections was not significantly greater than after minor resections (38%
vs. 31%). No statistically significant differences were found in operation time and blood
replacement between patients who developed postoperative complications and those who
did not. In conclusion, simultaneous resections of primary colorectal cancer and liver
metastases may be considered safe. Morbidity rates are not significantly different from
those after liver resections alone, nor depend significantly upon the extensiveness of liver
resection, providing that the operation time and blood loss are within the range observed
in this study
Cascade Birth of Universes in Multidimensional Spaces
The formation mechanism of universes with distinctly different properties is
considered within the framework of pure gravity in a space of D > 4 dimensions.
The emergence of the Planck scale and its relationship to the inflaton mass are
discussed.Comment: 10 p., minor correction
Quantum Cosmology and Open Universes
Quantum creation of Universes with compact spacelike sections that have
curvature either closed, flat or open, i.e. are studied. In the
flat and open cases, the superpotential of the Wheeler De Witt equation is
significantly modified, and as a result the qualitative behaviour of a typical
wavefunction differs from the traditional closed case. Using regularity
arguments, it is shown that the only consistent state for the wavefunction is
the Tunneling one. By computing the quantum probabilities for the curvature of
the sections, it is shown that quantum cosmology actually favours that the
Universe be open, . In all cases sufficient inflation
e-foldings is predicted: this is an improvement over classical measures that
generally are ambiguous as to whether inflation is certain to occur.Comment: 11 pages, Revtex, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD. New
material and important corrections added in response to referee's repor
Space for Both No-Boundary and Tunneling Quantum States of the Universe
At the minisuperspace level of homogeneous models, the bare probability for a
classical universe has a huge peak at small universes for the Hartle-Hawking
`no-boundary' wavefunction, in contrast to the suppression at small universes
for the `tunneling' wavefunction. If the probability distribution is cut off at
the Planck density (say), this suggests that the former quantum state is
inconsistent with our observations. For inhomogeneous models in which
stochastic inflation can occur, it is known that the idea of including a volume
factor in the observational probability distribution can lead to arbitrarily
large universes' being likely. Here this idea is shown to be sufficient to save
the Hartle-Hawking proposal even at the minisuperspace level (for suitable
inflaton potentials), by giving it enough space to be consistent with
observations.Comment: LaTeX, 20 pages, no figures, blank lines removed, page break inserte
Accelerating Cosmologies and Inflation from M/Superstring Theories
We review the recent developments in obtaining accelerating cosmologies
and/or inflation from higher-dimensional gravitational theories, in particular
superstring theories in ten dimensions and M-theory in eleven dimensions. We
first discuss why it is difficult to obtain inflationary behavior in the
effective low-energy theories of superstring/M-theory, i. e. supergravity
theories. We then summarize interesting solutions including S-branes that give
rise to accelerating cosmologies and inflationary solutions in M-theory with
higher order corrections. Other approaches to inflation in the string context
are also briefly discussed.Comment: 38 pages, Invited review to be published in IJMPA, v2: slightly
expanded and refs. added, v3, v4: typos corrected, published versio